Forest Trees (1991) / Chapter Skim
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6 Organizing a Global System of Cooperation
6 Organizing a Global System of Cooperation
Pages 129-138
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From page 129... ...
Multiple approaches must be used due to the significant gaps in the understanding of how to conserve forest genetic resources both in situ and ex situ, as well as the need to address immediately the high rate of loss for some species and regions. Coordination is needed to ensure excessive overlap in activities does not occur and important resources are not overlooked.
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From page 130... ...
The coordination of these various efforts should seek to · Develop and apply in situ and ex situ methods for conserving tree genetic diversity, recognizing that these approaches are complementary and supplement each other. · Establish in situ reserves and ex situ conservation stands for a broad range of species because of the long generation times usually needed to obtain reproductively mature trees.
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From page 131... ...
The priority for these is likely to vary in different regions depending on local or regional needs, the information available, and funding or staff resources. Research is needed into the following: · Reproductive biology and patterns of variation in priority species; · Minimum population sizes necessary to maintain evolutionary flexibility of populations in nature reserves; · Inventory of forest genetic resources at the regional and local level, particularly with respect to the distribution of natural populations; · The size, design, and number of in situ reserves required to conserve a wide range of the genetic variation within a species, as well as the biological and ecological processes that affect species so conserved; Ex situ maintenance, evaluation, testing, and breeding technologies to enhance the preservation and use of conserved germplasm; and · The effects of such processes as deforestation, acid rain, pollution, and global climatic change on the erosion of genetic variability and the integrity of in situ reserves and ex situ stands.
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From page 132... ...
Frequently their principal function is regulatory rather than research and conservation oriented. Comprehensive, coordinated national programs are needed to · Develop national policies for the genetic conservation of trees and establish priority activities to accomplish that objective; Monitor the status of tree species that are of economic, ecological, or aesthetic importance; · Develop programs for implementing in situ and ex situ management and conservation of tree germplasm to ensure that the genetic diversity that exists within and among tree species is not lost; · Develop programs to promote the flow of conserved materials from storage programs to testing and breeding programs; · Promote and support training and research for persons working in tree germplasm conservation at universities, colleges, experimental stations, and institutes and in the private sector; and Foster and support programs to maintain data related to forest genetic resources activities and promote the evaluation and use of tree germplasm to meet national needs.
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From page 133... ...
This hillside near L~u~! co, Chicle, was part of ~ e~res~-n Begot in 197I in Ah the ~ovemment, through the Con for A~=dan Alarm, planted 68~ millions the seedling inducing Papas Ifs, a species that gushes urge pear co~ndi~hons~ Edit: Fug and A=~1~= ^ Lion.
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From page 134... ...
It would facilitate interaction among regional and national programs, support and encourage training at all levels, support research and its application to managing forest tree germplasm, act as a central source for assembling and disseminating data to national and regional programs, and where necessary, provide funding for conservation activities it identifies as having high priority. Specifically, an international body could Establish global priorities, by species, for genetic resource conservation and assess the extent to which those priorities are addressed by existing programs;
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From page 135... ...
This globalbody should function a~utonomo~usIy undera board,institu~onal~program, osrco~m mitten structure lt~sbould seekto develop relationships with o~t~herin~r~nationalconserv~ati~on ac~vibes to promote coope~rabon and collaboration in areas of mutual interest. ~ ~imperadvethattheleade~hipofa~IobalinsEtuJonforconsering tree genetic resources be recognized by pa~ici~pab~ng counthes, ins~I.
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From page 136... ...
A global effort must be involved not only with seed and other ex situ storage, but also with in situ conservation and in networks of managed observation, test, and conservation stands. Coordination and continuous management of relationships among many national agencies are necessary.
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From page 137... ...
~ -- ~ ~ f~f~~ffo~/ /~sf~f~f~ shops D~ I or If fo 7~>f Of, ~ Gaffe fir ~ ~/ Oaf Let's fag A ~ off I, A, ~ f~f~f3~1 Was. There ~ an obvious need~to expand programs in neck ensoul development for Audubon ~ Spat as Red as Tone ~r espy.
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From page 138... ...
In fact, the number of trained personnel available for such expanded programs is inadequate, and scientific and managerial support is in critically short supply, especially in developing nations. A multifaceted, long-term global program must urgently be developed to manage the genetic resources of the world's forests.
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