Forest Trees (1991) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
2 Multiple Uses of Forest Trees
2 Multiple Uses of Forest Trees
Pages 37-50
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 37... ...
Those benefits can be divided into two major categories: direct and indirect benefits (Burley, 1987~. Direct Benefits Direct benefits and uses include forest products of economic importance, such as sawtimber and numerous other construction materials, fodder, and fuelwood.
|
From page 38... ...
9~) lag JESUS O: pang plums prudes Lame to nations ~onomies and individuals.
|
From page 39... ...
In some societies, nuts, leaves, bark, roots, latex, and various other parts of trees are collected as semidomesticated agronomic crops. In the western Amazon, for example, tapping rubber and collecting Brazil nuts are combined in forests, known as extractive reserves, that may provide income while conserving the tropical forest ecosystem (Cowell, 1990; Pearce, 1990~.
|
From page 40... ...
Says Po! r exam pie, they form sy~nibi~o~tic relationships v~i~tb nutien~tibso~bt~g fungi off nitoogen~Fx~i~n.~ bacte-da and fungi, arid moderate grater Boat and loss v~hile-bindin~ soils to prevent eros~o-n Trees also contribute significantly to reducing greenhouse gases and associated ldbalte~m~perab~re rises by conve~rurg~:caYbo~n dioxide to carbohydrate through p~hotos~yntiesis and then locking it up v~-it~b.i.n their structures.
|
From page 41... ...
These systems can be divided into three major types: natural vegetation management, agroforestry, and industrial plantation forestry, each of which produces major benefits. The first type of system does not usually involve selection of trees with a specific genetic composition (genotypes)
|
From page 42... ...
Con side able research as been p~de#aken on Me s~sta~ipabIe m.~page~nt of Topic moist Rests Oberon and Vi~n~nt' 198~ byatt~Sm:i~t~, 1987~/ and it is tonse~~bon of these forests that is regiving the roost Benson in the media. Be genes i~pl~i^~tions of Such natural vegetation ~a~gement systems remain unexplored, cart the population sizes and the stare of genetic On maintained byth~ose~systems ~ouldun~doubtedl~y Aged ~evbl~i?
|
From page 43... ...
Industrial Plantation Forestry Industrial plantation forestry is practiced on large areas that are established and managed intensively, often with exotic species, for the production of timber to supply sawmills, pulpmills, veneer factories, chipboard plants, and so on. In developing countries, the plantations are usually owned and managed by state enterprises, although community, company, and private ownerships of forests exist in the tropics.
|
From page 44... ...
Scott Paper Co., Costa Rica Pious caribaea 40 8 Aracruz Florestal, Brazil Eucalyptus gratis 35 7 Jari Florestal, Brazil Gmelir~n arborea 35 10 Jari Florestal, Brazil P caribaea 27 16 Fiji Pine Commission P
|
From page 45... ...
Even when the economic use and value of forestlands can be feasibly and substantially enhanced by appropriate breeding, however, economic inhibitions continue to deter private sources from developing the genetic resource. INCREASING THE USEFULNESS OF TREE GENETIC RESOURCES Given the lack of knowledge about the nature and distribution of forest genetic resources, substantial efforts are needed in two other traditional stages of using plant genetic resources: plant exploration and evaluation.
|
From page 46... ...
Through preen finance testing (repeated trials on a range of sites) , estimates can be made off the importance of ge~notype~e~nvironment Infection effects.
|
From page 47... ...
, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical in France (various tropical species) , the Danish Forest Seed Center (Gmelina, teak, some tropical pines)
|
From page 48... ...
In As, Farmer tags ~ Spine the to collect resign. Detective reserves is proposed by same Exerts as ~ AL ~1~ income produdng resources to-be collected ~hi.~le p~se~i~n~ tams.
|
From page 49... ...
Breeding programs that do not rely on expensive testing or lengthy regeneration techniques should be instituted for a large number of species, especially those being newly brought into genetic management programs. For the many hundreds of species of potential value, genetic surveys and sampling for multiple populations are needed and might be combined with preliminary breeding operations.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.