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Recommendations for the Prevention of Lead Poisoning in Children (1976) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A: Dose-Effect, Dose-Response Concepts of Toxicology
Pages 13-18

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From page 13...
... "Sub-critical effects" are measurable biologic changes which do not impair cellular function, but which are directly related to the concentration of a toxic substance. Critical Site - The critical site is the location in the body where the critical effect occurs.
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From page 14...
... Under physiologic conditions in man, however, accumulation and increased excretion of ALA-U, the substrate of ALA-D, does not begin to occur until Pb-B exceeds approximately 40 yg Pb/dl whole blood, a level at which most in vitro assays for ALA-D indicate substantial inhibition. This has been interpreted as evidence that there is a substantial reserve of ALA-D adequate to meet physiologic needs at lower concentrations of lead in whole blood.
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From page 15...
... Whether the effects reported in subclinical lead poisoning are reversible is unknown; however, de la Burdens most recent study suggests that they 24 are not. Currently, no data exist to show whether neurochemical or neurophysiological changes precede changes in the hematopoietic systeiu.
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From page 16...
... Based on inspection of Figure 2, an epidemiologist seeking to prevent early hematologic effects in 90 percent of the preschoolage population, would recommend that environmental lead sources not exceed a limit known to raise Pb-B levels to the neighborhood of 30 yg. Dose-response relationships for lead are generally not available because of inadequately designed population surveys which consist solely of the collection and analysis of biologic samples.
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From page 17...
... Julian Jr., Barrett, Maureen B., and Mellits, E David:^0 Dose-effect and doseresponse relationships for lead in children.
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From page 18...
... (Archives of Industrial Hygiene & Toxicology) , Suppl.
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Key Terms

  • critical effect
  • critical site
  • toxic substance
  • toxic agent
  • lead concentration

  • lead poisoning
  • internal dose
  • positive reactors
  • lead exposure
  • peripheral blood

  • population exhibiting
  • tissue level
  • iron deficiency
  • background response
  • using blood

  • toxic substances
  • lead nephropathy
  • late lead
  • subclinical lead
  • lead concentrations

  • blood concentration
  • fine motor
  • inadequately designed
  • erythroid cells
  • body fluid

  • hour output
  • normal range
  • vitro assays
  • relate response
  • physiologic conditions


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