Women in Science and Engineering: Increasing Their Numbers in the 1990s A Statement on Policy and Strategy (1991) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 143-152
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From page 143... ...
has reviewed, assessed, and encouraged research in the area of women's employment and brought research findings to bear on the policymaldug process. Highligllts of a meeting convened by ~ Among the CEEWISE reports are Women Scientists in Industry and Govemment: How Much Progress in the 1970's?
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From page 144... ...
Knapp, then director of the National Science Foundation, spoke of the difficulty "not with getting women in [science and en~neeringJ, but with helping women move up in their careers." James Hirsch, president of the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation' discussed the Foundation's support of programs to encourage women to enter scientific and engineering disciplines (beginning in the 1960s) and noted "that the reasons for career underachievement [should]
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From page 145... ...
There should be a "high-level statement on the part of the Academy regarding women in science and engineering concerns," continued attention to career advancement issues, and consideration of the impact of teacher preparation. Career advancement Is a critical issue.
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From page 146... ...
reviewed women's position in the labor market and documented both changes and stability in job segregation over the past two decades. That report indicates the negative consequences for women of continlled sex segregation in the workplace; evaluates several explanations for continued job segregation; addresses the effectiveness of remedies that have been attempted at both the public and private level; and offers several policy recommendations to reduce segregation.
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From page 147... ...
, interest in this issue remained. OSEP was charged with the responsibility for activities of NRC that contribute to the more effective development and utilization of the nation's human resources, giving emphasis to national education and manpower utilization programs and needs.
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From page 148... ...
Citing discussion at the September 1983 meeting organized by CBASSE, Dr. Liburdi noted that studies of career choice and development patterns of men and women in science and engineering including family conflict, residual barriers resulting from sex bias, and successful institutional policies to reduce barriers to participation by women in science and eng~neenn~should be the focus of research.
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From page 149... ...
That task force, jointly with the Task Force on Minonties' Involvement ~ TRB and Transportation, developed a questionnaire sent to the chairmen of its 150 standing committees to determ~ne barriers to the involvement of women and minorities in TRB and to recommend mech~n~cms for eliminating such bamers. The task force also collected data on female members of TRB committees and staff, as well as data about women who are potential members of these committees; began to highlight sessions to TRB's annual meeting that would be of particular interest to women; and encouraged related orgy lions to support individuals interested in attending that meeting.
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From page 150... ...
The impact of these interrelated factors is evident in data showing that, in high school, fewer female than male students take advanced mathematics and science courses that are critical to technical careers. GUIRR also noted that Many observers perceive discriminatory practices reflected in unemployment, underemployment, salaries, and rank and tenure lo be the most serious impediment to the goal of equality of opportunity for women in science and engineering education.
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From page 151... ...
At an OSEP-convened workshop in 1986, participants explored what is known about the causes of the observed underrepresentation and differential participation of women in science and engineering at all educational levels and about the patterns and causes of their differential career development relative to that of men. One consequence of that workshop was a call to OSEP for advice and information in setting priorities for research and action programs.
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From page 152... ...
scientists and engineers to meet pressing national needs in an increasingly global marketplace would be to increase the representation of women from all racial and ethnic groups in scientific and engineering careers. The planning group's major recommendation, therefore, was the establishment within OSEP of a continuing Committee on Women in Science and Engineering, whose role would be to undertake activities designed to increase the participation of women in scientific and engineering careers.
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