Multiple Chemical Sensitivities Addendum to Biologic Markers in Immunotoxicology (1992) / Chapter Skim
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Design of Animal Models to Probe the Mechanisms of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity
Design of Animal Models to Probe the Mechanisms of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity
Pages 65-76
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From page 65... ...
Desk of an anal model for pulmonary disease resulting from environmental exposures wid be discussed and emphasis placed on features of the mode} which have application to MCS. ANIMAL MODELS OF E}IVlRONMENTAL LUNG DISEASES Animal models have been developed for numerous environmental lung diseases including: allergic hypersensitivity (3)
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From page 66... ...
Ibe basic features aBow~g for exposures and mon~tonug of responses are' presented In Figure 1 and listed In Table 2. Guinea pigs are used since they are readily accessible, small rodents kno~m to demonstrate strong aDerg~c anaphylactic lung responses.
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From page 67... ...
for Pulmonary Sensitivity Use of Guinea pigs (250~00g) Exposure by inhalation of airborne chemicals Use of unsedated and unrestrained animals Avoidance of ~rnunolog~c adju,vants to achieve sensitization Passive recording of responses with out disturbance of animals Continuous mon~tor~g of pulmonary and febrile responses for 24 hours suitable biologic handing of xenobiotics (see Table 1~.
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From page 68... ...
Core temperature is monitored using radio frequency transmitters and receivers (see Figure 1~. Fever has been associated with several pulmonary syndromes including hypersensitivity pneumonitis and organic dust toxic syndrome.
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From page 69... ...
Study of the pathogenesis of asthma requires methodology for detecting occurrence of AHR. The basic guinea pig model for environmental lung disease was applied to detection of AHR.
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From page 70... ...
_ o.so :~: 0.25 Experimentals 4.m ~ ~ ~I , ~ ~ I Pre4A 1 Hr-Post 24Hr-Post Pre-OA Chall OA Call OA Chall CHsil ~ Hr-Post 24 Hr-Post OA Chall OA Ct) all Figure 3 Airway reacting of control and ovalbumin (OAF guinea pigs prior to and following inhalation challenge with antigen.
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From page 71... ...
In addition, bronchoalveolar ravage could be readily performed ~ guinea pigs for the evaluation of neutrophilic pulmonary inflammation. The model was adapted to study of ODTS by exposing animals for 6 hr to atmospheres of cotton dust obtained from a cotton mill in Memphis, TN (6~.
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From page 73... ...
Cellulose was selected since it represents the structural matrix of cotton but Is devoid of the chemical and biological contaminants usually associated with cotton JUSte The absence of both a febrile response, (see Figure 4) and evidence of alveolar inflammation In animals exposed to 41 mgrn-3 cellulose, indicated that the response previously detected with cotton dust was not a result of dust overload in the lungs.
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From page 74... ...
For MCS, both approaches present difficulties since there Is an absence of agreement on diagnostic criteria and little information on agents, lengths of exposure, or number of repeated exposures necessary for development of the &order. Animal models have been developed for many environmentally related disorders and have provided information essential to etuadlabon of disease pathogenes~s, dia~os~s and treatment.
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From page 75... ...
and Karol, M.H. Chronic pulmonary effects ill guinea pigs Tom prolonged inhalation of cotton dust.
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From page 76... ...
and Karol AH. Assessment of Amway reactivity ~ guinea pigs: Comparison of methods employing whole body plethysmography.
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