Headline News, Science Views II (1993) / Chapter Skim
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5 DIET AND NUTRITION
5 DIET AND NUTRITION
Pages 91-106
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From page 93... ...
A pane! of the National Institutes of Health reported earlier this year that commercial diet programs have extremely low rates of long-term success.
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From page 94... ...
Exercising regularly and cutting back on fat and sugar are not the only successful weight control techniques that we identified in controlled studies. Women who never were overweight or who kept excess weight off successfully weighed themselves regularly.
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From page 95... ...
But anyone who has ever flinched at the bathroom scale or examined the wares at the local supermarket knows how demanding it can be to maintain a healthful diet. If cars crashed hourly at an intersection, we'd redesign the intersection rather than blame all of the drivers.
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From page 96... ...
Perhaps consumers are being too hard on themselves in viewing such lapses as personal failures. The path to better nutrition is hindered by too many barriers, from fast foods loaded with saturated fat to incomplete labels on packaged foods.
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From page 97... ...
At the very least, facilities such as public hospitals and government agency headquarters should provide good foods in their own cafeterias and kitchens. Consumers who shop carefully in supermarkets generally can put together a healthful diet, and food producers have improved the content of many items by cutting back on the fat, salt and sugar.
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From page 98... ...
Miller Dieting baseball managers and talk show hosts get the publicity, but a quiet revolution now gaining momentum within the scientific world could change the way people lose weight and much more. It could lower the risk of heart attacks, alleviate hunger and transform agriculture.
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From page 99... ...
The public outcry over the introduction of milk derived from animals treated with bovine somatotrophin (BST) , and about using ionizing radiation to process food, shows that new food technologies can arouse considerable public fear.
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From page 100... ...
But fermentation also will produce waste materials that typically contain a large number of living microorganisms and organic materials. Methods will be needed to dispose of these wastes safely, perhaps by sterilizing them and converting them into animal feed or fertilizer.
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From page 101... ...
This would be terribly costly and essentially worthless for detecting or controlling health risks. The biggest single risk associated with eating seafood is from raw oysters, clams, mussels and other "bivalve molluscs," which may cause hepatitis and other problems if contaminated or mishandled.
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From page 102... ...
They also might restrict harvests of some shellfish during warmer weather, when the threat of food poisoning is greatest. Scientists and other technical experts can help, too, by providing more effective methods of testing whether waters or individual fish are contaminated.
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From page 103... ...
Requiring soldiers to be in "fighting trim," as currently defined, is of increasingly dubious value in an age when success on the battlefield depends as much on programming computers as on charging up a hill. Dismissing a brilliant computer programmer because he or she is somewhat overweight does not make any more sense for the military than it would in academic or business situations.
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From page 104... ...
is a much better predictor than body fat of physical performance. The services should consider establishing minimum standards for lean
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From page 105... ...
Furthermore, for purposes of public image and unit morale, the services have a right to expect a reasonably trim military appearance among those in uniform. But holding down health care costs and keeping soldiers looking sharp does not require height-weight standards as stringent as those now on the books.
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