Biotechnology in China (1989) / Chapter Skim
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8Current Research at Selected Institutes The following section describes current biotechnology-related research at 19 institutions that were visited during a 1-month evaluation trip to China. The purposes of this somewhat anecdotal recounting are threefold: to support, in a concrete way, the general conclusions of Chapter 3 on how research funding is prioritized and allocated; to elaborate on research trends and quality examined in Chapters 6 and 7; and to provide a road map for American scientists interested in cooperation and collaboration with Chinese colleagues.
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university. Yun Longfei's group has cloned a soybean 7S storage protein gene and shown, in agreement with results of other groups, that it is expressed in a tissue-specific fashion in Ti plasmid-generated transgenic tomato, potato, and tobacco plants.
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taking sabbatical leave in Singapore. He has a group of nearly 10 people consisting of one associate professor, two research associates, and several M.S.
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to arginine, a basic amino acid, would allow formation of a salt bridge and substantially increase the association constant. This change has now been achieved by site-directed mutagenesis, and mass production in E
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The institute houses 60 scientists, including 13 senior researchers and 15 research associates. Although it does not have a formal Ph.D.
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ambiguous because the globin was not purified or adequately characterized. Subsequently, successful gene transfer has been reported in fish, but these experiments all used DNA rather than RNA as the nucleic acid and purified genes rather than a crude mixture of species.
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the recipient. There are some simple biochemical and molecular biological experiments that could clearly resolve this question, but Yan shows no inclination to perform these analyses.
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procedures. On the other hand, the institute does have some laboratories, such as those of Wu Naihu and Wu Zhengan, that are performing creditable research on worthwhile topics.
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transferring an α-interferon gene into tobacco. The transgenic plants produce low levels of interferon (1,000 units per gram of leaf tissue)
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technique. Subsequently, large amounts of the material have been prepared in the institute's fermentation facility and have been used on tomato and green pepper plants in several parts of China.
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Although the physical facilities appear dilapidated and are located in a hutong, or alley, district far from other institutes in Beijing, a relatively high proportion of scientists and students were seen to be actively performing experiments during several visits. Groups under the supervision of the institute's director Hou Yunde and former director C.M.
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time, its work on vaccine development shows a sensitivity to practical needs as well as to the necessity of tailoring Western inventions to China's needs. In summary, this institute shows that it is possible to integrate basic and applied research in the context of China's new scientific policies.
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students and 50 Ph.D. students.
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SHANGHAI Fudan University Biotechnology research at Fudan University is predominately carried out at the Institute of Genetics, an academic department of the School of Life Sciences that performs research and graduate education but is not responsible for undergraduate students. The leader of the university's Institute of Genetics and of the School of Life Sciences is C.C.
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replication origin from a plasmid or F-factor. Mao Yumin, an instructor who recently received his Ph.D.
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of Xue Jinglun, who trained at Roswell Park Memorial Institute in Buffalo, New York, focuses on human gene therapy with the ultimate aim of curing inherited diseases by inserting a normal gene into the somatic cells of an affected individual. As a model system, they are studying hemophilia B, a blood-clotting disease caused by a mutation in the X-chromosome-linked gene for factor IX.
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Foundation and Interferon Sciences. The cellular biology group, headed by Ge Koulin, focuses on methods for plant regeneration and gene transfer.
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postdoctoral scholar, will be the use of the naturally high secreter strain Kluyveromyces lactis. Zheng Zhaoxin and associates work on genetic engineering in bacteria.
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the same building as the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and numbers among its members Lin Qishui, director of the institute. Plans are also afloat for two new national laboratories focusing on eukaryotic gene regulation and neuropeptides.
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One of the newer and most active staff members at the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry is Hong Guafan, whose research focuses on the molecular biology of nitrogen fixation. Nodule formation is an essential prerequisite for symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
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Institute of Cell Biology (CAS) The Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, founded in 1950 as the Institute of Experimental Biology, employs 370 personnel, including 50 senior researchers, 60 research associates, and 50 senior technicians.
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The institute has over 400 staff, including 64 at senior levels. While members of the institute's staff are best known for their research on traditional Chinese medicines, they have recently begun to use the techniques of genetic engineering and molecular biology to produce and characterize new drugs.
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on genetic engineering for plant disease resistance, focuses on plant viruses. However, this group is attempting to use a different coat protein gene from TMV and a different experimental strategy than the other groups.
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species derived from fused protoplasts. Among them are some important crop species such as rice, soybean, and tobacco.
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black rice that is claimed to be more nutritious than the ordinary strain and to possess other values. South China Agricultural University South China Agricultural University attained its university status in 1984.
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3. Phytochemistry: surveys the chemical compounds extracted from a large number of plants for useful or valuable substances such as the effective antitumor compounds Harringtonine and Homo-Harringtonine.
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director of the center is Li Baojian, a plant molecular biologist who has recently returned from Cornell University. The plant genetic engineering group is the largest in the center.
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on molecular biology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics, enzymology, plant physiology, and marine biology. The department publishes approximately 30 articles a year, all in Chinese.
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