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From page 173... ... , 43 Adhesives, 65, 66, 73, 75, 82-83, 102 Aerosols, 38 Agarose, 38 Agriculture, 23, 34, 114 Aircraft and aviation applications, 5, 9, 16, 17, 23,27,29,65,68,75,87,88, 105, 153 military, 28, 29-30, 31, 88, 101 Albumin, 35 Aliphatic polyamides, 51, 93 Alloys, see Blends and alloys Amino acids, 32, 42-43, 44, 132 Amorphous polymers, 106, 155 Amphibious vehicles, 30, 31 Amplifiers, 58, 59 Antibodies, 38, 43, 53 Anticancer drugs, 38, 39 Antigens, 38, 43 Antioxidants, 67, 107 Antistatic agents, 67 Aqueous dispersion, 110, 111 Aramids, 90 Aryl-phosphine-oxide materials, 76 Atomic force microscope (AFM) , 150 Automated clinical analyzer (ACA) Read the entire page →
From page 174... ... technology, 57-58, 63, 106 Composites, 17, 27, 28, 30, 36, 48, 54, 65, 67, 75, 90, 104 structural, 87-89, 94 Computation and simulation, 2, 6, 142, 152, 153-155, 162-168 Concrete-plastic, 27 Conducting polymers and synthetic metals, 50-52, 63, 91 Conjugated polymers, 127 Connective tissues, 32-33, 34 Construction, see Housing and construction materials Contact lenses, 33, 37, 73, 102 Containers, see Packaging and containers Contraceptive implants, 38 Controlled-release materials, 53, 92 drugs, 38-41, 95, 104, 109 Coordination catalysis, 121 Corrosion-resistance, 30-31 Cross-linking, 37, 44, 67, 127 Crystallinity, 44, 67, 80, 156 see also Liquid crystalline polymers Crystallography, 43, 151 Cuprophan, 35 Curriculum development and guidelines, 19, 21 Cyanates, 75 D Defense, see Military and defense applications Degradation of waste materials, 23, 24, 25 research needs, 7, 25-26 Dental applications, 33, 35-36 Depth profiling, 148-149 Desalinization of water, 95, 96 Dextrans, 38 Dextrin, 82-83 Diagnostic applications, 37-38 Dielectrics, 46, 47-50, 62 printed circuit boards, 46, 47, 48 Diffusion-controlled systems, 38 Dimethacrylates, 36 Diodes, see Light-emitting diodes Dispersion processing, 110-111 Disposable diagnostic kits, 37-38 Disposal of materials 3, 6-7, 10, 23, 24, 25, 139 see also Recycling Distribution and movement of materials, 3, 10 DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) Read the entire page →
From page 175... ... INDEX Drugs, 43, 102 controlled-release, 38-41, 95, 104, 109 Dyes, 53, 104 E Education in polymer science, 4, 18-22, 83 see also Universities Elastin, 33, 78 Elastomers, 28, 67, 73, 76-78, 82, 85, 102 see also Bioelastomers; Fluoroelastomers Electronics, 2, 4, 5, 7, 32, 52 see also Compact disk technology; Conducting polymers and synthetic metals; Dielectrics; Electrophotography; Integrated circuits; Light-emitting diodes; Multichip modules; Photonics; Printed circuit boards; Resist materials; Semiconductors; Sensors; Silicon chips Electron spin resonance, 43 Electron tomography, 146-147 Electrophotography, 59-61, 63 Electrotransport systems, 39 Emulsion polymerization, 111 End-group structure, 123-125 Energy consumption and savings, 2, 5, 10, 23, 24, 26-29, 63, 114 Energy devices and equipment, 29 Engineering plastics, 3, 5, 32, 65, 68-69, 114 Environmental applications and issues, 3, 7, 10, 22-26, 95, 109, 111, 113 government policies, 6, 7, 99-100 research needs, 6-7, 114, 115 synthesis control, 6, 138- 139 see also Incineration; Recycling Enzymes, 32, 34, 53, 131 Epoxies, 10, 47, 48, 73, 82 Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubbers, 78 Exports, see Trade and trade balances Extrusion processes, 67, 72, 105, 107, 112 F Fabrics, see Clothing; Textiles and fabrics Factory-built structures, see Prefabricated structures Federal research funding, 3, 4, 10 see also National laboratories Ferroelectric polymers, 54, 104 175 Fiberglass, 45, 48 Fiber optics, 53, 58, 63, 107 Fibers, 5, 48, 65, 66, 67, 72, 78-81, 90, 105 environmental issues, 23, 79 international competiveness, 17 reinforcement, 88-89, 105 see also Textiles and fabrics Fillers, 67, 78, 107 Films, 6, 17,51,53,54,59,65,67,72,78,92, 103, 105, 107, 159 see also Barrier polymers Flammability resistance, 75-76, 107 Flocculants, 111 Fluorescent imaging, 144 Fluoroelastomers, 17, 78 Fluoropolymers, 33, 46, 47, 54, 102, 130 "Folding problem," 152 Force-field simulation, 163-165 Foreign corporations, 16-17 Foreign expenditures for research, 3, 12 Fracture mechanics, 114 Free radical polymerization, 121, 122 Fuel cells, 28 Funding for research and development, 1, 2, 3-4, 5, 6, 11-16 academic, 10, 12, 14 government sources, 3, 5, 8, 10, 11 industry sources, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12-16, 57 and international competitiveness, 3, 10, 12, 16, 17 G Gas separation, 95, 96 Gel electrophoresis, 150 Gel spinning, 72 Gelation, 73 Genetic engineering, 34, 120, 132 Geometrical isomers, 120-121 Glass and glass fibers, 17, 23, 37, 47, 48, 67, 75, 89, 104 see also Fiber optics Global competition, see International competitiveness Glucose sensors, 53, 54, 63 Government policies and legislation, 3, 5, 10 environmental, 6, 7, 99-100 Government research support, 3, 5, 8, 10, 11 see also National laboratories Read the entire page →
From page 176... ... , 70, 71, 72 Lubricants, 28, 67, 107 Lyotropic polymers, 89-90 M Manufacturing and production technologies, 3, 5,6, 10,65-66, 115 environmental and health issues, 3, 7, 10, 23,24 inorganic polymers, 100- 104 minimization of waste, 7, 114 structural polymers, 66-92 see also Processing methods Mechanical properties and processes, 6, 46, 51, 66, 114, 147, 161-162 biopolymers, 42, 44 blends and alloys, 84-86 elastomers, 77-78 failure modes, 6, 28, 161 Medical applications, 2, 4, 5, 6, 33-34, 35, 37, 39, 54, 63, 102, 104, 114 see also Dental applications; Diagnostic Read the entire page →
From page 177... ... imaging, 73, 142-143, 150 Nucleating agents, 67 Nylon, 2, 10, 68, 79, 93, 100 Nylon acrylamide, 38 o Ocular materials and implants, 33, 34, 37, 38 Oligomers, 68, 69, 114, 119 Optical technologies, 46, 58-59, 91, 104 see also Compact disk technology; Electrophotography; Fiber optics; Holography; Photonics "Optical tweezers," 43 Organic polymers, 2, 9, 23, 47, 50-51, 100 Organometallic macromolecules, 133, 134, 136 ORMOCERS, 103 p Packaging and containers, 5, 24, 27, 33, 46, 65, 67-68, 72, 84, 92-94, 114, 132 Paint, see Coatings Pattern formation, 55-56 Pervaporation, 95, 96-97 Petroleum derivatives, 9, 23, 65, 114 Phosphorylcholines, 35 Photocuring, 35, 36 Photodegradation, 25 Photoduplication, 59-61 Photolithography, 46, 47, 53 Photonics, 58-59, 63 Photoreceptors, 60, 61 Piezoelectric materials, 46, 54, 121 Plasticizers, 35, 67, 107 Plastics, 10, 16, 66, 67-76 environmental issues, 23, 24 Plexiglas, 10, 36, 55 Read the entire page →
From page 178... ... , 46, 47, 48 Processing methods, 18, 66, 91, 104- 105 computer-assisted design, 6, 112 dispersion, 110-111 environmental issues, 7, 23, 109, 110 equipment, 3, 10, 17, 105 fibers, 80-81 films, membranes, and coatings, 92-100, 110 and international competition, 17 melt, 105-108 modeling, 6, 105, 110, 112-113, 115, 153 reactive, 137 research needs, 6, 72, 73, 75, 105-106, 110 solution, 108-110 Prostheses, see Implants and prostheses Pumps, for controlled drug delivery, 38 R Raman spectroscopy, 143-144 Rayon, 108 Reaction injection molding (RIM) , 137 Recreational applications, 9, 31, 65 Recycling, 23, 24, 25, 67, 68, 94, 105, 113-114 research needs, 7, 113-114 Read the entire page →
From page 179... ... , 149 Surfaces and interfaces, 60, 114, 158, 159 and biological processes, 34, 38 179 blends and alloys, 84-85 treatments, 35, 83 Surlyn, 37 Switches, 58, 59, 78, 105 Synthesis control and development, 6, 18, 116117, 132-133, 138-139 biocatalysis, 131-132, 138 chain architecture, 117-123, 138 conjugated polymers, 127 end-group structure, 123-125 polymerization, 132 inorganic polymers, 133-137 reactive processing, 137 supramolecular chemistry, 137- 138 surface modification, 129- 131 thermal stability, 125, 127, 128 Synthetic rubber, see Elastomers T Tactile sensors, 54 TCNQ, 50 Teflon, 2, 10, 110 Telechelic polymers, 123- 125 Textbook development, 19 Textiles and fabrics, 5, 10, 23, 67, 105 see also Clothing Theory, 2, 6, 18, 153-155, 167-168 dynamics and properties, 159- 162 elastomer properties, 77, 78 states of matter, 155-159 Thermal properties, 6, 47, 49, 51, 54, 108 of blends, 84, 86-87 stability, 125, 127, 128 Thermoplastics, 60, 65, 67-73, 105 Thermosets, 67, 73-76, 105 Thermotropic polymers, 89, 90, 106 Tires, 28, 65, 76, 109 Tissue engineering, 34, 104 Titansiloxane, 103 Top surface imaging, 56-57 Trade and trade balances, 2, 3, 5, 9, 16, 113 see also International competitiveness Transdermal drug delivery, 38, 39, 40 Transmission electron microscope (TEM) , 146 Transportation and transportation equipment, 2, 5, 10, 26-29 energy consumption, 23, 26-27 Transport kinetics, 53, 95, 96, 98 Read the entire page →
From page 180... ... , 98 Vulcanizates, 73 INDEX W Water purification and desalinization, 95, 96, 111, 115 X X-ray radiation and imaging, 56, 144-146, 147, 148, 150 Xanthum gum, 30 z Ziegler catalysts, 78 Read the entire page →

From page 173...

... , 43 Adhesives, 65, 66, 73, 75, 82-83, 102 Aerosols, 38 Agarose, 38 Agriculture, 23, 34, 114 Aircraft and aviation applications, 5, 9, 16, 17, 23,27,29,65,68,75,87,88, 105, 153 military, 28, 29-30, 31, 88, 101 Albumin, 35 Aliphatic polyamides, 51, 93 Alloys, see Blends and alloys Amino acids, 32, 42-43, 44, 132 Amorphous polymers, 106, 155 Amphibious vehicles, 30, 31 Amplifiers, 58, 59 Antibodies, 38, 43, 53 Anticancer drugs, 38, 39 Antigens, 38, 43 Antioxidants, 67, 107 Antistatic agents, 67 Aqueous dispersion, 110, 111 Aramids, 90 Aryl-phosphine-oxide materials, 76 Atomic force microscope (AFM) , 150 Automated clinical analyzer (ACA)

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From page 174...

... technology, 57-58, 63, 106 Composites, 17, 27, 28, 30, 36, 48, 54, 65, 67, 75, 90, 104 structural, 87-89, 94 Computation and simulation, 2, 6, 142, 152, 153-155, 162-168 Concrete-plastic, 27 Conducting polymers and synthetic metals, 50-52, 63, 91 Conjugated polymers, 127 Connective tissues, 32-33, 34 Construction, see Housing and construction materials Contact lenses, 33, 37, 73, 102 Containers, see Packaging and containers Contraceptive implants, 38 Controlled-release materials, 53, 92 drugs, 38-41, 95, 104, 109 Coordination catalysis, 121 Corrosion-resistance, 30-31 Cross-linking, 37, 44, 67, 127 Crystallinity, 44, 67, 80, 156 see also Liquid crystalline polymers Crystallography, 43, 151 Cuprophan, 35 Curriculum development and guidelines, 19, 21 Cyanates, 75 D Defense, see Military and defense applications Degradation of waste materials, 23, 24, 25 research needs, 7, 25-26 Dental applications, 33, 35-36 Depth profiling, 148-149 Desalinization of water, 95, 96 Dextrans, 38 Dextrin, 82-83 Diagnostic applications, 37-38 Dielectrics, 46, 47-50, 62 printed circuit boards, 46, 47, 48 Diffusion-controlled systems, 38 Dimethacrylates, 36 Diodes, see Light-emitting diodes Dispersion processing, 110-111 Disposable diagnostic kits, 37-38 Disposal of materials 3, 6-7, 10, 23, 24, 25, 139 see also Recycling Distribution and movement of materials, 3, 10 DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

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From page 175...

... INDEX Drugs, 43, 102 controlled-release, 38-41, 95, 104, 109 Dyes, 53, 104 E Education in polymer science, 4, 18-22, 83 see also Universities Elastin, 33, 78 Elastomers, 28, 67, 73, 76-78, 82, 85, 102 see also Bioelastomers; Fluoroelastomers Electronics, 2, 4, 5, 7, 32, 52 see also Compact disk technology; Conducting polymers and synthetic metals; Dielectrics; Electrophotography; Integrated circuits; Light-emitting diodes; Multichip modules; Photonics; Printed circuit boards; Resist materials; Semiconductors; Sensors; Silicon chips Electron spin resonance, 43 Electron tomography, 146-147 Electrophotography, 59-61, 63 Electrotransport systems, 39 Emulsion polymerization, 111 End-group structure, 123-125 Energy consumption and savings, 2, 5, 10, 23, 24, 26-29, 63, 114 Energy devices and equipment, 29 Engineering plastics, 3, 5, 32, 65, 68-69, 114 Environmental applications and issues, 3, 7, 10, 22-26, 95, 109, 111, 113 government policies, 6, 7, 99-100 research needs, 6-7, 114, 115 synthesis control, 6, 138- 139 see also Incineration; Recycling Enzymes, 32, 34, 53, 131 Epoxies, 10, 47, 48, 73, 82 Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubbers, 78 Exports, see Trade and trade balances Extrusion processes, 67, 72, 105, 107, 112 F Fabrics, see Clothing; Textiles and fabrics Factory-built structures, see Prefabricated structures Federal research funding, 3, 4, 10 see also National laboratories Ferroelectric polymers, 54, 104 175 Fiberglass, 45, 48 Fiber optics, 53, 58, 63, 107 Fibers, 5, 48, 65, 66, 67, 72, 78-81, 90, 105 environmental issues, 23, 79 international competiveness, 17 reinforcement, 88-89, 105 see also Textiles and fabrics Fillers, 67, 78, 107 Films, 6, 17,51,53,54,59,65,67,72,78,92, 103, 105, 107, 159 see also Barrier polymers Flammability resistance, 75-76, 107 Flocculants, 111 Fluorescent imaging, 144 Fluoroelastomers, 17, 78 Fluoropolymers, 33, 46, 47, 54, 102, 130 "Folding problem," 152 Force-field simulation, 163-165 Foreign corporations, 16-17 Foreign expenditures for research, 3, 12 Fracture mechanics, 114 Free radical polymerization, 121, 122 Fuel cells, 28 Funding for research and development, 1, 2, 3-4, 5, 6, 11-16 academic, 10, 12, 14 government sources, 3, 5, 8, 10, 11 industry sources, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12-16, 57 and international competitiveness, 3, 10, 12, 16, 17 G Gas separation, 95, 96 Gel electrophoresis, 150 Gel spinning, 72 Gelation, 73 Genetic engineering, 34, 120, 132 Geometrical isomers, 120-121 Glass and glass fibers, 17, 23, 37, 47, 48, 67, 75, 89, 104 see also Fiber optics Global competition, see International competitiveness Glucose sensors, 53, 54, 63 Government policies and legislation, 3, 5, 10 environmental, 6, 7, 99-100 Government research support, 3, 5, 8, 10, 11 see also National laboratories

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From page 176...

... , 70, 71, 72 Lubricants, 28, 67, 107 Lyotropic polymers, 89-90 M Manufacturing and production technologies, 3, 5,6, 10,65-66, 115 environmental and health issues, 3, 7, 10, 23,24 inorganic polymers, 100- 104 minimization of waste, 7, 114 structural polymers, 66-92 see also Processing methods Mechanical properties and processes, 6, 46, 51, 66, 114, 147, 161-162 biopolymers, 42, 44 blends and alloys, 84-86 elastomers, 77-78 failure modes, 6, 28, 161 Medical applications, 2, 4, 5, 6, 33-34, 35, 37, 39, 54, 63, 102, 104, 114 see also Dental applications; Diagnostic

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From page 177...

... imaging, 73, 142-143, 150 Nucleating agents, 67 Nylon, 2, 10, 68, 79, 93, 100 Nylon acrylamide, 38 o Ocular materials and implants, 33, 34, 37, 38 Oligomers, 68, 69, 114, 119 Optical technologies, 46, 58-59, 91, 104 see also Compact disk technology; Electrophotography; Fiber optics; Holography; Photonics "Optical tweezers," 43 Organic polymers, 2, 9, 23, 47, 50-51, 100 Organometallic macromolecules, 133, 134, 136 ORMOCERS, 103 p Packaging and containers, 5, 24, 27, 33, 46, 65, 67-68, 72, 84, 92-94, 114, 132 Paint, see Coatings Pattern formation, 55-56 Pervaporation, 95, 96-97 Petroleum derivatives, 9, 23, 65, 114 Phosphorylcholines, 35 Photocuring, 35, 36 Photodegradation, 25 Photoduplication, 59-61 Photolithography, 46, 47, 53 Photonics, 58-59, 63 Photoreceptors, 60, 61 Piezoelectric materials, 46, 54, 121 Plasticizers, 35, 67, 107 Plastics, 10, 16, 66, 67-76 environmental issues, 23, 24 Plexiglas, 10, 36, 55

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From page 178...

... , 46, 47, 48 Processing methods, 18, 66, 91, 104- 105 computer-assisted design, 6, 112 dispersion, 110-111 environmental issues, 7, 23, 109, 110 equipment, 3, 10, 17, 105 fibers, 80-81 films, membranes, and coatings, 92-100, 110 and international competition, 17 melt, 105-108 modeling, 6, 105, 110, 112-113, 115, 153 reactive, 137 research needs, 6, 72, 73, 75, 105-106, 110 solution, 108-110 Prostheses, see Implants and prostheses Pumps, for controlled drug delivery, 38 R Raman spectroscopy, 143-144 Rayon, 108 Reaction injection molding (RIM) , 137 Recreational applications, 9, 31, 65 Recycling, 23, 24, 25, 67, 68, 94, 105, 113-114 research needs, 7, 113-114

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From page 179...

... , 149 Surfaces and interfaces, 60, 114, 158, 159 and biological processes, 34, 38 179 blends and alloys, 84-85 treatments, 35, 83 Surlyn, 37 Switches, 58, 59, 78, 105 Synthesis control and development, 6, 18, 116117, 132-133, 138-139 biocatalysis, 131-132, 138 chain architecture, 117-123, 138 conjugated polymers, 127 end-group structure, 123-125 polymerization, 132 inorganic polymers, 133-137 reactive processing, 137 supramolecular chemistry, 137- 138 surface modification, 129- 131 thermal stability, 125, 127, 128 Synthetic rubber, see Elastomers T Tactile sensors, 54 TCNQ, 50 Teflon, 2, 10, 110 Telechelic polymers, 123- 125 Textbook development, 19 Textiles and fabrics, 5, 10, 23, 67, 105 see also Clothing Theory, 2, 6, 18, 153-155, 167-168 dynamics and properties, 159- 162 elastomer properties, 77, 78 states of matter, 155-159 Thermal properties, 6, 47, 49, 51, 54, 108 of blends, 84, 86-87 stability, 125, 127, 128 Thermoplastics, 60, 65, 67-73, 105 Thermosets, 67, 73-76, 105 Thermotropic polymers, 89, 90, 106 Tires, 28, 65, 76, 109 Tissue engineering, 34, 104 Titansiloxane, 103 Top surface imaging, 56-57 Trade and trade balances, 2, 3, 5, 9, 16, 113 see also International competitiveness Transdermal drug delivery, 38, 39, 40 Transmission electron microscope (TEM) , 146 Transportation and transportation equipment, 2, 5, 10, 26-29 energy consumption, 23, 26-27 Transport kinetics, 53, 95, 96, 98

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From page 180...

... , 98 Vulcanizates, 73 INDEX W Water purification and desalinization, 95, 96, 111, 115 X X-ray radiation and imaging, 56, 144-146, 147, 148, 150 Xanthum gum, 30 z Ziegler catalysts, 78

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Index Pages 173-180

Index
Pages 173-180