Drilling and Excavation Technologies for the Future (1994) / Chapter Skim
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9. Materials Handling
9. Materials Handling
Pages 142-150
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From page 142... ...
Status of the Field for Drilling Wells Rotary drilling, the most common process for drilling wells, uses circulating fluids (both liquids and air) to remove the drilled solid cuttings.
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From page 143... ...
Similarly, as He viscosity of the fluid increases, the difference in velocity between the fluid and solids decreases. Consequently, tile higher the fluid viscosity, tile easier it is to remove solids from the hole.
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From page 144... ...
Circulating fluids serve purposes over than removal of drilled cuttings, namely, density for well control, chemical stabilization of He rock, prevention of filtrate invasion of the rock, cooling and lubricating He bit, suspension of cuttings and weight materials, and corrosion prevention Rodgers, 1963~. These Unctions must be maintained as the removal of drilled solids is accomplished.
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From page 145... ...
Desanders and desilters work on a hydrocyclone principle shown in Figure 9.3, whereas centrifuges work on mechanically induced centrifugal forces as shown in Figure 9.4. Proper design and installation of this equipment are critical to the operation of the system (Ormsby, 1973~.
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From page 146... ...
, or Me drilled cuttings themselves may be hazardous (e.g., they may contain heavy metals)
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From page 147... ...
a system that moves cuttings laterally from the face to a shaft or other access point, which may include trains, trucks, conveyors, earth movers, or pipes; and 3. a system that moves cuttings vertically at the shaft, which may include lifting muck cars, buckets, skips, conveyors, or pipes.
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From page 148... ...
High-volume, reliable removal: With the volumes of muck removed in mining and tunneling being hundreds of cubic yards per hour, current systems are marginal in their ability to keep up with a rapidly advancing tunnel boring machine or mining operation, especially in small tunnels. Experience at the Superconducting Super Collider, for example, indicates that state-of-the-art tunnel boring machines may produce muck faster than the best available mucking system can remove it.
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From page 149... ...
Improved drilling fluids: In the short term, research is needed to develop environmentally "friendly" drilling fluids, such as foam and airmud fluids, with material removal properties equivalent to those of oil-base muds, which are the current state of the art for rapid removal of cuttings but present difficult disposal problems. In the long term, these efforts should lead to the development of drilling fluids that can be varied through the density range between gas and rock and can be adjusted easily as needed to remove cuttings while balancing the pore pressure to prevent loss of circulation.
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From page 150... ...
Ormsby, G., 1973, Proper rigging boosts efficiency of solids-removing equipment: Drilling, SPE Reprint Series, no. 22, Richardson, Tex., SPE, p.
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