Scientific Communication and National Security (1982) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix F: The Role of Foreign Nationals Studying or Working in U.S. Universities and Other Sectors
Appendix F: The Role of Foreign Nationals Studying or Working in U.S. Universities and Other Sectors
Pages 126-135
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From page 126... ...
Wallerstein Staff Consultant The number of foreign students in higher education in the United States increased substantially during the 1970s, especially at the graduate level. Underlying this trend were two major factors: (1)
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From page 127... ...
FIGURE 1 Foreign students as a percentage of full-time graduate science/engineering Engineering enrollment in doctorate granting institutions within Mathematical/ fields r 1974-1979. Computer Sciences SOURCE: National Science Foundation.
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From page 128... ...
institutions. CHARACTERISTICS OF EMPLOYMENT DISTRIBUTION Data from annual surveys conducted by the National Research Council's Commission on Human Resources paints a more detailed picture of the fields of interest and types of employment of "science/engineering Ph.D.s with foreign citizenship in the United States in 1981." The figures presented here vary somewhat from the preceding data because they are more recent.
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From page 129... ...
Detail may not add to total due to rounding. SOURCE: National Science Foundation and National Research Council, unpublished tabulations.
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Mathematical/ Computer Sciences SOURCE: National Science Foundation. Environmental Sciences Total, All Fields Life Sciences Social Sciences Psychol ogy ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////~ //////////////////////////////////////////////~ .
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SOURCE: 1981 Survey of Doctorate Recipients, National Research Council.
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From page 132... ...
CV%o = Vertical percentage. SOURCE: 1981 Survey of Doctorate Recipients, National Research Council.
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From page 133... ...
TotalC N 1,328 800 789 391 22 42 H%d 100.0 54.0 54.0 36.8 1.6 2.3 V%d 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Research and N 675 356 355 250 16 24 Development H7o 100.0 45.6 45.6 45.5 2.3 2.8 V7O 5 2.8 44.2 44.5 65.2 77.4 64.7 Basic Research N 364 280 280 37 13 18 HE 100.0 77.1 77.1 11.7 3.9 4.4 V% 24.6 34.9 35.2 7.9 62.1 46.4 Applied Research N 226 71 70 136 3 5 Hero 100.0 26.7 26.6 6 3.7 1.3 2.1 V7O 18.7 9.2 9.2 32.4 15.3 16.8 Development Design N 85 5 5 77 - 1 H% 100.0 0.8 0.8 97.4 - 0.4 VITO 9.4 0.1 0.1 25.0 - 1.4 Management/ N 115 33 33 60 3 9 Administration Hero 100.0 31.8 31.8 56.2 2.9 4.3 V7O 10.3 6.0 6.0 15.7 19.3 19.1 Management of R&D N 74 12 12 51 2 6 Hero 100.0 10.9 10.9 7 8.6 4.4 4.6 V7O 6.7 1.3 1.3 14.2 18.7 1 3.3 Consulting/Professional N 84 12 1 1 48 1 5 Services H5to 100.0 9.6 8.9 71.2 0.5 1.9 VITO 6.3 1.1 1.0 12.2 2.1 5.1 NOTE: In view of the lack of a comprehensive sampling frame for foreign-earned doctorates in the United States, few additions of segment seven cases have been made to the sample since the 1973 survey. Therefore, the number of science and engineering Ph.D.s who are foreign citizens may be somewhat underestimated.
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From page 134... ...
It is unfortunate that more specific data, indicating country or national origin, remain unavailable, since they would probably reveal that most foreign scientists and engineers are citizens of nonadversary countries. On the basis of the evidence presented here, however, it is apparent that the total number of foreign nationals presently in the United States is significant and, most likely, still increasing.
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From page 135... ...
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