Meeting the Nation's Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Scientists (1994) / Chapter Skim
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5 PHYSICIAN-SCIENTISTS
5 PHYSICIAN-SCIENTISTS
Pages 55-64
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From page 55... ...
or other health professional doctorate, although the committee recognizes that basic scientists also participate in clinical investigation. The committee has based its assessment of national need on the fact that most government-sponsored research in He clinical sciences is performed in medical schools or academic health centers (Appendix Table F-22~.
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From page 56... ...
Koshland Jr. (1993~: In the 1980s and l990s NIH researchers, intramural and extramural, performed the first trial of gene therapy in humans, proved the effectiveness of methotrexate for treating rheumatoid arthritis, developed new methods for growing skin to repair burns, showed that control of glucose levels slows progression of diabetes, showed effectiveness of cholesterol reduction in the prevention of heart disease, demonstrated an effective treatment for spinal cord injury, found a new drug for Parkinson's disease, showed that aspirin and coumadin lower the risk of stroke, developed methods of hypertension control that have reduced heart attacks and strokes by more than 50 percent, and so on for many other discoveries.....
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From page 57... ...
Academic Health Centers An academic health center can be defined as a medical school working in conjunction with a teaching hospital and at least one over health professional school to achieve mutually agreed upon goals for education, research, and provision of clinical care. Approximately 68 percent of NIH R01 support goes to these academic health centers.
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Faculty/Student Ratio Enrollments, revenue, and clinical faculty size are the basic elements in assessing personnel needs for He clinical sciences in medical schools. The ratio of clinical faculty to enrollment is largely determined by He funds available to support faculty.
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recipients had had previous NIH supported research training experience compared win 55 percent of the grant recipients holding Ph.D. degrees and 52 percent of those holding M.D.
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TO NRSA PROGRAM IN TElE CLINICAL SCIENCES 50-59 (15,091) 21.5% Every NRC study committee has noted Cat recruitment of qualified clinical researchers poses special challenges.
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From page 61... ...
Although both enrollment and R&D funding were rising rapidly at medical schools, many established clinical faculty members were spending relatively little of their time conducting research. In response to this fin ding, the committee detailed a number of factors that it believed might discourage physicians from undertaking research careers: · the risk of failing at an untried field after demonstrating the ability to succeed in medical practice, · the loss of income as compared to practice, · a growing perception among students that patient care has greater value than research, · social pressure on students to enter primary care fields, and · an image that paperwork and red tape inhibit researchers more than in the past.
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From page 62... ...
RECOMMENDATION: To meet He nation's continuing need for clinical investigators, the committee recommends that the number of NRSA trainees supported through the MSTP program be increased from 822 in 1993 to 1,020 trainees each year by the year 1996. Individual Fellowships Because of the urgent need for clinical scientists familiar with patient-based research techniques, we urge NIH to increase the number of postdoctoral NRSA fellowship awards to permit the preparation of patient-based investigators.
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From page 63... ...
2. The clinical sciences are understood to include individuals holding degrees in a variety of health professions including: medicine, veterinary sciences, dentistry, nursing, clinical psychology, and social work.
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From page 64... ...
MEETING THE NATION' S NEEDS FOR BIOMEDICAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENTISTS TABLE 5-7 Committee Recommendations for Relative Distribution of Predoctoral and Postdoctoral Tra~neeship and Fellowship Awards in Clinical Sciences for FY 1994 through FY 1999 Fiscal Type of Support Year Level of Training TOTAL Trameeship Fellowship 1994 Recommended number of awards 2,975 2,875 100 Predoctoral 895 875 20 Postdoctoral 2,080 2,000 80 1995 Recommended number of awards 2,910 2,780 130 Predoctoral 895 875 20 Postdoctoral 2,015 1,905 110 1996 Recommended number of awards 2,860 2,080 180 Predoctoral 895 875 20 Postdoctoral 1,965 1,805 160 1997 Recommended number of awards 2,860 2,680 180 Predoctoral 895 875 20 Postdoctoral 1,965 1,805 160 195~d Recommended number of awards 2,860 2,ou ~1bU Predoctoral 895 875 20 Postdoctoral 1,965 1,805 160 In Recommended number or awards 2,860 ~,osu Lou Predoctoral 895 875 20 Postdoctoral 1 965 1,805 160 64
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