Safety in the Underground Construction and Operation of the Exploratory Studies Facility at Yucca Mountain (1995) / Chapter Skim
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Milwaukee Water Pollution Abatement Program: Underground Safety--Dealing With OSHA
Milwaukee Water Pollution Abatement Program: Underground Safety--Dealing With OSHA
Pages 65-76
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From page 65... ...
The work consists of upgrading two waste water treatment plants, as well as establishing a large-diameter, in-line storage interceptor system and a program to relieve combined sewer overflows in the Milwaukee metropolitan area. MWPAP is now 97 percent complete, with completion expected in the fall of ~ 995, a year ahead of schedule.
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From page 66... ...
The program comprises 324 separate construction contracts,' and construction costs represent $~.6 billion of the total cost. The underground component, with construction costs of approximately $900 million, consists of 20 miles of 17- to 32-ft-diameter rock tunnels Tying 300 ft below the ground surface, 24 drop shafts and approach channels connecting to that deep system, and 62 miles of small-diameter (i.e., 60 to 144 inches)
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From page 67... ...
These rivers are surface expressions of deeply carved glacial valleys. Since the last glacial period, these valleys have been filled with a wide range of deposits ranging from dense glacial till to sand and gravel alluvial deposits and highly organic marsh deposits.
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From page 68... ...
68 Safety in the Underground Construction arid Operation of the Exploratory Studies Facility _._ ~ ; ' X~ -. '`—Pit- ~ - ~ M i lwA llkee Rivers !
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From page 69... ...
Milwaukee Water Pollution Abatement Program: Underground Safety FIGURE 2 Soft-ground tunneling method used to control the inflow of water.
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From page 70... ...
The findings, shared with all underground contractors, led the program manager to take a proactive approach to the potential methane hazard by modifying all of the contracts to establish stringent, specific safety requirements. They took the best, most stringent requirements from several sources, including California OSHA, MSHA, and the federal OSHA.
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From page 71... ...
The contractor's evacuation and recovery plan required that the superintendent account for all workers who had been in the tunnel and then de-energize the tunnel, reverse the fan on the main vent line, and monitor the return air, waiting a minimum of one hour or until he or she could no longer detect a flammable mixture in the return air, whichever period of time was longer, before reentering the tunnel. Instead of following the evacuation and recovery plan, the superintendent, the safety engineer, and the shift foreman—the three most experienced people on the contractor's team reentered the tunnel after 45 minutes.
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From page 72... ...
72 Safety in the Underground Construction and Operation of the Exploratory Studies Facility FIGURE 3 Tunnel ventilation system using fully reversible, explosion-proof fans.
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From page 73... ...
Five years later, CH2M Hill is still embroiled in legal repercussions. On August 25, 1993, upon CH2M Hill's formal appeal, a Department of Labor administrative judge dismissed all charges, saying in his decision that it was unequivocally clear that the program manager did not control the work site.
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From page 74... ...
Finally, the revisions add details concerning ventilation requirements and training and evacuation plans. However, despite the revisions providing the definitions, OSHA has shown no willingness to classify tunnels.
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From page 75... ...
at Yucca Mountain and named the agencies involved in the safety oversight of the program. The following are the regulations from which DOE has selected the health and safety requirements to be met at the ESF: the State of California Tunnel Safety Orders, the OSHA Orders, the MSHA Orders, the State of Nevada Health and Safety Standards, and the State of Nevada OSHA regulations.
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From page 76... ...
1988. An assessment of coal mine escapeway reliability using fault tree analysis.
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