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1. INTRODUCTION
Pages 5-11

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From page 5... ... The Southern Oscillation is a widespread interannual oscillation in sea-level atmospheric pressure between one region near northern Australia and one in the central Pacific. These related phenomena, together called ENSO, are the largest short-term climate variations. Read the entire page →
From page 6... ... Contours indicate isotherms, with the increasingly darlcer fields near the equator showing increases in temperature. The top panel illustrates normal conditions in the tropical Pacific Ocean, while the lower one illustrates the warm phase of ENSO. Read the entire page →
From page 7... ... Accompanying these changes in sea surface temperature, the regions of low sea-level pressure and heavy rainfall move eastward with the wann pool, and the eastern and central Pacific become wann and rainy while the western Pacific becomes somewhat cooler and drier. The earliest recognition of these changes was an awareness of unusually warm water appearing from the north, off the coast of Peru, as an enhancement of the normal Correlations of Annual Mean Sea Level Pre~ur" with Darwin 20� W0�E 20� 40� 60� 80� ,~� 120� 140� 1~� 180� 1 ~140� 120� 1~� 80� ~� 40� 80� 60� 4oo 20� Do 20� 4oo 60� 1 Wit-" J~' 20�W0�E 20� 40� 60� 80� 100� 120� 140� 160� 180� 160� 140� 120� 100� 80� 60� 40� Figure 2. Read the entire page →
From page 8... ... The Southern Oscillation is a widespread positive correlation of sea-level pressure anomalies centered near northern Australia that surround the warm pool in the western Pacific and extends considerably into the Indian Ocean, with anomalies of opposite sign centered east of Tahiti in the eastern and central Pacific (see Figure 2~. These aspects of the Southern Oscillation have been known for more than 70 years (Walker 1924~. Read the entire page →
From page 9... ... Those interested in technical issues regarding ENSO should concentrate on chapters 2, 3, and 4. Researchers and program managers seeking to guide future work on short-term climate variations would profit from reading the entire report. Read the entire page →
From page 10... ... TOGA participants demonstrated the predictability of seasonalto-interannual climate variations, developed prediction systems to exploit this predictability, and used these systems to predict climate variations in and over the tropical Pacific Ocean. The infrastructure and management tools of TOGA combined achievements in observations, modeling, and process experiments into a whole greater than the sum of the parts. Read the entire page →
From page 11... ... INTRODUCTION 11 communities of scientists brought about by TOGA will also be discussed. Finally, this document will indicate what TOGA did not accomplish. Read the entire page →

From page 5...

... The Southern Oscillation is a widespread interannual oscillation in sea-level atmospheric pressure between one region near northern Australia and one in the central Pacific. These related phenomena, together called ENSO, are the largest short-term climate variations.

Read the entire page →

From page 6...

... Contours indicate isotherms, with the increasingly darlcer fields near the equator showing increases in temperature. The top panel illustrates normal conditions in the tropical Pacific Ocean, while the lower one illustrates the warm phase of ENSO.

Read the entire page →

From page 7...

... Accompanying these changes in sea surface temperature, the regions of low sea-level pressure and heavy rainfall move eastward with the wann pool, and the eastern and central Pacific become wann and rainy while the western Pacific becomes somewhat cooler and drier. The earliest recognition of these changes was an awareness of unusually warm water appearing from the north, off the coast of Peru, as an enhancement of the normal Correlations of Annual Mean Sea Level Pre~ur" with Darwin 20� W0�E 20� 40� 60� 80� ,~� 120� 140� 1~� 180� 1 ~140� 120� 1~� 80� ~� 40� 80� 60� 4oo 20� Do 20� 4oo 60� 1 Wit-" J~' 20�W0�E 20� 40� 60� 80� 100� 120� 140� 160� 180� 160� 140� 120� 100� 80� 60� 40� Figure 2.

Read the entire page →

From page 8...

... The Southern Oscillation is a widespread positive correlation of sea-level pressure anomalies centered near northern Australia that surround the warm pool in the western Pacific and extends considerably into the Indian Ocean, with anomalies of opposite sign centered east of Tahiti in the eastern and central Pacific (see Figure 2~. These aspects of the Southern Oscillation have been known for more than 70 years (Walker 1924~.

Read the entire page →

From page 9...

... Those interested in technical issues regarding ENSO should concentrate on chapters 2, 3, and 4. Researchers and program managers seeking to guide future work on short-term climate variations would profit from reading the entire report.

Read the entire page →

From page 10...

... TOGA participants demonstrated the predictability of seasonalto-interannual climate variations, developed prediction systems to exploit this predictability, and used these systems to predict climate variations in and over the tropical Pacific Ocean. The infrastructure and management tools of TOGA combined achievements in observations, modeling, and process experiments into a whole greater than the sum of the parts.

Read the entire page →

From page 11...

... INTRODUCTION 11 communities of scientists brought about by TOGA will also be discussed. Finally, this document will indicate what TOGA did not accomplish.

Read the entire page →

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1. INTRODUCTION Pages 5-11

1. INTRODUCTION
Pages 5-11