Biographical Memoirs Volume 69 (1996) / Chapter Skim
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JOSEPH PAXSON IDDINGS
JOSEPH PAXSON IDDINGS
Pages 114-147
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YODER, JR. JOSEPH PAXSON IDDINGS WAS an outstanding leader of petrol_} ogy wiclely cites!
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appreciation while investigating the history of petrology of the vital role Iddings played in developing the quantitative aspects of petrology. Joseph Paxson Iciclings was born in Baltimore, MarylancI, the seconc!
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U.S. Geological Survey uncler the directorship of Clarence King.
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rock texture with little reference to chemical composition, a factor Iciclings eventually believed was dominant. This view no doubt arose from his close association with Samuel Lewis PenfielcI, a
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Geological Survey, also assisting him in collecting fossils. As a result of his first field efforts, Iddings developed a very cautious attitude toward naming a rock, especially one where crystals conic!
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"8 Before returning to the U.S. Geological Survey offices at the American Museum of Natural History in New York, Iciclings spent a week with George F
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with the "gradations in the microstructure in the grouncimass of rocks of the same mineral composition from a purely glassy form to one wholly crystalline...." The second paper, also with Hague (~84) , container!
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on Obsidian Cliff, Electric en c! SepuIchre mountains, Cranciall Basin, en c!
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The summer of IS90 was spent studying the eastern en c! central portions of the quacirangle immecliately north of Yellowstone Park, with Louis V
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The year IS92 may have been an intellectual triumph for Iciclings personally, but it was a disaster for the U.S. Geological Survey.
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be "chemical composition, as expressed in mineral composition, perhaps by molecular ratios...." Pirsson reviewed the French system en c! urger!
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to express the chemical composition of a rock in terms of minerals in a quantitative way. Washingtoni7 had been assembling chemical analyses of igneous rocks and testing various schemes of classification.
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PROGRAM FOR EXPERIMENTAL PETROLOGY The CIPW system clisplays a remarkable unclerstancling of the physico-chemical relationships of most of the major igneous rock types in the early stages of the systematic investigation of silicate meTts.~9~22 The calculation of normative minerals, especially from analyses of fine-grainec! rocks en c!
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by the Committee of Eight became the initial scientific program of the Geophysical Laboratory23 and continues "to play so important a role in the advancement of petrology." It appears that Iciclings again was the leacler of a productive group, not only providing direction to a highly successful
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Frank Aciams, participation in the centenary celebration of the Geological Society of London, election to the National Academy of Sciences (1907)
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May 19, 190S, to his close friend, Whitman Cross, written at the home of his younger sister, Lola LaMotte Iciclings, in Winchester, Massachusetts: I am here as the result of a rather sudden collapse and am taking rest and fresh air treatment. Owing to contributing causes which you will please keep strictly to yourself for the present, is a determination to cut loose from my colleagues at the University.
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"FREE TO WANDER" Iciclings spent the summer of 1908 visiting Frank Aciams in Montreal27 en c! camping with Whitman Cross in the mountains north of Durango, Coloraclo.
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For the most part he depended on the chemical composition, the mode or the norm when aphanitic, and "occult minerals" dependent on lesser constituents or in glass but nevertheless represented in the norm. Almost half the text pages of the monumental work are devoted to occurrences of igneous rocks in the world.
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The subject of overheat! sloping received only two paragraphs of discussion, but Iddings saved his ammunition for a severe criticism of Daly's book, Igneous Rocks and Their Origin, in a separate salvo later in 1914.
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In the peaceful surroundings of the farm, Iciclings was able to write, withdrawing almost completely from societal affairs. He is listecI, however, as being vice-presiclent of the Geological Society of America in 1916.
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Iddings died at the Montgomery County, Maryland, Hospital in OIney on September 8, 1920, from chronic intersilial nephritis according to the official cleath certificate. His youngest sister, Estelle Iciclings ClevelancI, was the sole beneficiary of his estate (see section on Honors)
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Scientific School at Yale by his sister, Estelle Iciclings ClevelancI, with the resiclua of his estate en c! supplementary funcis.
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the significance of {ucicl's38 concept of petrographic provinces en c! was the first to recognize that igneous rocks of the same bulk composition proclucec!
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H Teall, "Joseph Paxson Iddings," in R
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The diaries of his paternal grandfather and grandmother are at Duke University, and a finding aid is available. A family photo album and Iddings's photographs of Yellowstone National Park are at the University of Wyoming, Laramie.
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Geological Survey Annual Report 14, Part II(1894~:520-24.
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The CIPW group were included: no. 14, Toseph Paxson Iddings (1857-1920~; no.
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He is buried, however, in Woodside Cemetery adjoining the Riverside Estate in Brinklow, Md., but there were no details recorded by the cemetery association of his death.
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The fourth line of the stanza was omitted, which in one version runs, "Weiss nicht wie gut ich dir bin" ("You know not how good I am to you'd. It reflects Tohannsen's disappointment with the reviews of his own monumental work on petrography.
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3, 33:36-45. 1888 Obsidian Cliff, Yellowstone National Park.
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1903 . Chemical composition of igneous rocks expressed by means of diagrams, with reference to rock classification on a quantitative chemicomineralogical basis.
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The petrology of some South Pacific Islands and its significance.
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