Biographical Memoirs Volume 69 (1996) / Chapter Skim
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BERNHARD HAURWITZ
BERNHARD HAURWITZ
Pages 86-113
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From page 87... ...
In aciclition to his many basic contributions to the study of short-perioc! atmospheric wave motions, planetary waves, inclucling atmospheric ticles, en c!
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From page 88... ...
, Philip Thompson, who had an almost continuous association with him for about forty years, commented, 1 gradually came to realize that the range of Bernhard's interests and contributions spanned virtually the whole range of atmospheric science." His role as an educator went beyond the more than fifty years he spent in active involvement at different academic institutions. Two of his textbooks were still listed in the Science Citation Index covering the five-year period of 198892.
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that an atmospheric pressure decrease at the surface, accompanies! by a surface-temperature increase, is associates!
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to work on the problem of wave motions in a compressible fluicI, the general area of his main interest when he came to the Geophysical Institute in Leipzig. He user!
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to the integration of the atmospheric perturbation equations and a research program at the Blue Hill Observatory involving, among other things, analysis of solar racliation ciata en c! their use in determination of atmospheric turbidity.
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In early 1933 Haurwitz acceptec! an invitation from the seismologist Beno Gutenberg, a former colleague in Germany, to visit the California Institute of Technology in Pasaclena where he gave lectures on atmospheric dynamics.
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each year he gave a regular graduate course in dynamic meteorology. In aciclition, he presented a series of eight lectures at the university on the subject of "The Physical State of the Upper Atmosphere." The lectures were basecI, in part, on the course he gave while he was at the University of Leipzig.
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by the Canaclian Meteorological Service. As a result, Haurwitz spent consicIerable time in Toronto preparing eclucational programs for weather forecasters en c!
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It was in that paper that Haurwitz derived the speed of low-frequency nondivergent planetary waves on a spherical earth that are typical of large-scare meteorological systems. An analogous result was clerivec!
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to Cambridge, this time as associate professor of meteorology. At the same time, Bernhard received an appointment as Abbott Lawrence Rotch Research Fellow at Harvard's Blue Hill Observatory.
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bancis or billow cloucis may occur as a result of convective patterns where the instability clue to atmospheric stratification is an important factor in their clevelopment, or they may be a manifestation of internal waves that result from vertical win c! shear across a surface of density discontinuity or within a shallow transition region.
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From page 98... ...
either clirectly or nclirectly affect the lower atmosphere in an observable fashon. In 1948 Haurwitz qualitatively outlined such a proposed mechanism based on a physical-dynamic model of how a solar eruption could influence the pressure distribution in the troposphere.
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Nevertheless, the concept proposec! by Haurwitz of latituclinal clifferential heating of the ozone layer cluring times of high solar activity, as has been postulates!
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Participants in those seminars included faculty en c! graduate students of both the Department of Meteorology en c!
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At that time he was interested in further clevelopment of resonance theory as an acloquate explanation of the solar semicliurnal pressure oscillation and to document the global distribution of the amplitucle en c! phase of these ticles.
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From page 102... ...
that in the Northern Hemisphere poleward of about 70° the amplitucle en c! phase of the semicliurnal pressure oscillations are mainly controller!
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his earlier attempts at fincling a possible physical mechanism for solar influences on atmospheric variability. The graclual shift of his summer workplace locale from WHOI on the east coast to Sac Peak in New Mexico en c!
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gave a course on atmospheric dynamics. During his stay in Munich, he worked principally on a representation of the global distribution of the ciaily variations of surface temperature through the use of Legendre functions.
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At the Geophysical Institute, Bernharc! met Benson Fogle, who was then a graduate student working with Sydney Chapman.
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However, the observed amplitude of the cliurnal title is smaller than that of the semicliurnal tide, which is apparently inconsistent with the relative amplitucles of the cliurnal en c! semicliurnal temperature oscillations.
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relative amplitucles of the two principal components of the surface pressure solar title en c! to explain the apparent suppression of S~(pO)
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that the dominant component of the cliurnal wave was zonal wave number ~ en c! that for the semicliurnal wave was zonal wave number 2.
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From page 109... ...
IN PREPARING THIS MEMOIR, considerable use was made of the material contained in a series of papers, "Meteorology in the 20th CenturyA Participant's View," by Bernhard Haurwitz, published in 1985 in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (vol.
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.. Uber die Wellenlange von Luftwogen.
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From page 111... ...
New York: McGraw-Hill. 1947 Internal waves in the atmosphere and convection patterns.
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From page 112... ...
The diurnal and semidiurnal barometric oscillations, global distribution and annual variation.
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