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Pathways of Addiction Opportunities in Drug Abuse Research (1996) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix C: Diagnostic Criteria
Pages 295-298

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From page 295...
... Recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home (e.g. repeated absences or poor work performance related to substance use; substance-related absences, suspensions, or expulsions from school; neglect of children or household)
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From page 296...
... Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of substance use (7) The substance use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to be caused or exacerbated by the substance (e.g., current cocaine use despite recognition of cocaine-induced depression, or continued drinking despite recognition that an ulcer was made worse by alcohol consumption)
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From page 297...
... Harmful patterns of use are often criticized by others and frequently associated with adverse social consequences of various kinds. The fact that a pattern of use or particular substance is disapproved of by another person or by the culture, or may have led to socially negative consequences such as arrest or marital arguments is not in itself evidence of harmful use.
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From page 298...
... This diagnostic requirement would exclude, for instance, surgical patients given opioid drugs for the relief of pain, who may show signs of an opiate withdrawal state when drugs are not given, but who have no desire to continue taking drugs. The dependence syndrome may be present for a specific substance (e.g., tobacco or diazepam)
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Key Terms

  • psychoactive substance
  • withdrawal state
  • significant impairment
  • opioid drugs
  • american psychiatric

  • maladaptive pattern
  • withdrawal symptoms
  • psychiatric association
  • clinically significant
  • withdrawal syndrome

  • particular substance
  • control substance
  • characteristic withdrawal
  • despite recognition
  • increased amounts

  • lower doses
  • drinking despite
  • mood states
  • subjective awareness
  • whatever drugs

  • physiological withdrawal
  • disorder secondary
  • actual damage
  • frequently associated
  • negative consequences

  • persistent desire
  • depressive disorder
  • marital arguments
  • alternative pleasures
  • appropriate drinking


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