Aspects of Weather and Space Weather in the Earth's Upper Atmosphere The Role of Internal Atmospheric Waves (1997) / Chapter Skim
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Some Observations
Some Observations
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Superposed on this slow waxing and waning of the tides are waves that break on the shoreline and come from distant storm systems. The misnamed tidal wave or tsunami is an extreme example of an ocean wave phenomenon that can carry energy from a massive earthquake or a volcanic eruption horizontally for vast distances, sometimes with devastating consequences.
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Figure 3 shows a craterlike feature ringed by regular wave patterns, most likely mirrored in the dust kicked up by the wind. Prior to this century the only way to detect upper atmospheric disturbances was through changes in the Earth's magnetic field.
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FIGURE 2 Periodic lenticular (lens-shaped) clouds formed over mountains of the western states.
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Space weather exists. During the spectacular Leonids meteor shower of 1866, and possibly the equally bountiful one of 1833, strange distortions of meteor contrails were seen.
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1 . 1 1 0 3 6 9 12 IS 18 21 24 Universal Time FIGURE 5 Huge vertical oscillations with winds up to 300 km per hour were induced in the Earth's ionosphere over Alaska by a 6.4 earthquake near KodiakIsland.
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