Technology for the United States Navy and Marine Corps, 2000-2035: Becoming a 21st-Century Force Volume 2: Technology (1997) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
7 MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
7 MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
Pages 218-229
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 218... ...
The technology-development trends identified in that report are likely to continue to be relevant over the next few decades. Rather than conduct its own independent survey of such an extensive field, the Panel on Technology chose instead to highlight a few materials technologies that may be useful for developing improved capabilities for future naval forces.
|
From page 219... ...
DEVELOPMENT DRIVERS The panel envisions a systems approach to materials development in the future, whereby physical and mechanical properties are understood at the atomic scale and the design of new materials is carried out computationally based on this knowledge. Capitalizing on the opportunities presented by an atomistic simulation-based design approach may enable breakthroughs in, for example, ferrous alloys, titanium matrix composites, polymer composites, high-temperature ceramics, wide-bandgap semiconductors, optical materials and coatings, and smart materials based on ferroelectrics, ferromagnetic materials, and ferroelastic materials.
|
From page 220... ...
Design will follow from first principles, giving rise to a systems approach in materials development. Simulation of materials characteristics using this approach will include modeling of microstructure, defects, surface structure, interface properties, transport properties, reaction kinetics, prediction of adhesion and bonding, thermodynamic properties, and general mechanical behavior.
|
From page 221... ...
Smart Materials and Sensors Smart materials technology consists of the application of ferromagnetic, ferroelectric, and ferroelastic materials, better known as shape-memory alloys, as mechanical actuators and/or sensors to improve the performance of components, structures, and systems. The panel envisions the integration of smart materials with nanoscale electronic processors resulting in mechanically and electrically adaptive elements.
|
From page 222... ...
Other related technologies that will require further development before nanophase materials can be widely deployed include plasma-etch technologies and interconnects for quantum electronics. In photonic systems, nanophase structures will enable the development of nonlinear optical systems or possibly smart nanosensors that are optically interconnected to form a highly capable metasensor.
|
From page 223... ...
20. improve performance, extend service life, and reduce maintenance will be increasingly important as military budgets decrease.
|
From page 224... ...
SOURCE: Adapted from National Research Council, 1989, Materials Science and Engineering for the l990s: Maintaining Competitiveness in the Age of Materials, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., Figure 1.2, p.21. Engine Materials Key materials-related goals for future naval engines are to reduce weight, increase temperature capabilities, improve mechanical properties, and improve corrosion and oxidation resistance.
|
From page 225... ...
Titanium matrix composites (TMCs) consisting of titanium alloys reinforced with silicon carbide fibers may provide significant performance improvements, particularly for use in high-temperature engines.
|
From page 226... ...
Coated conductors use a thin film of HTS deposited onto a substrate; they exhibit significant performance gains as compared with OPIT conductors and can be significantly less expensive to manufacture. The projected future critical superconducting temperature for high-temperature superconductors is shown in Figure 7.3.
|
From page 227... ...
The approach will be computationally based initially, followed by a synthesis simulation and prototype production. Continued development of new chemical processes to produce novel energetic materials and improvements of initial chemical processes to produce novel structures economically and environmentally are essential.
|
From page 228... ...
High-temperature materials and coatings will result in more reliable, more efficient gas turbine engines with prolonged service life and lower fabrication costs. The development of new ferrous and titanium alloys will result in more capable ship and submarine hulls and structures with lower life-cycle costs.
|
From page 229... ...
The nanophase materials engineered in this way will be tailored to meet specific requirements and to be reliable and robust at lower life-cycle cost. The Department of the Navy should strongly support the development of this materials design and processing approach.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.