New Directions in Water Resources Planning for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (1999) / Chapter Skim
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1 Evolution of Corps Programs and Federal Water Policies
1 Evolution of Corps Programs and Federal Water Policies
Pages 10-18
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From page 10... ...
This chapter describes We evolution of the Corps' programs and federal water policies, to set the stage for later detailed discussions of how the Corps' planning procedures might be changed. Readers familiar with these topics may wish to proceed directly to the discussion In Chapter 2 on the implications of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 and other legislative and administrative initiatives for Corps policies and planning.
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From page 11... ...
Traces of the idea of basinw~de planning are to be seen in this era and President Roosevelt himself advocated cooperative planning in the nation's river basins, stating that "each river system, from its headwaters in the forest to its mouth on the coast, is a unit and should be treated as such" Hand Waterways Commission, 19081. The Federal Water Power Act of 1920 i The Federal Water Power Act of 1920 established a uniform process for the licensing of private hydroelectnc power projects, but Congress initially neglected to give the Federal Power Commission ~PC)
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Even before his inauguration, President Far in Roosevelt promised the people of the impoverished Tennessee River region that the TVA would serve as an example of planning "for generations to come, tying in industry and agriculture and forestry and flood prevention, tying them ah into a unified whole over a distance of a thousand miles so that we can afford better opportunities and better places for minions of yet unborn to live in the days to come" (Freidel, 19901. The Tennessee Valley Act of 1933 marked an era of great confidence in the potential for similar valley authorities to promote water and related land development, with the ends of social and economic improvement.
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The Federal Interagency River Basin Committee President Roosevelt established the Federal Interagency River Basin Committee (FlARBC) in 1943, at the same time Congress moved to abolish the National Resources Planning Board (NRPB)
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The Bureau of the Budget's Circular A47, entitled Reports and Budget Estimates Relating to Federal Programs and Projects for Conservation, Development, or Use of Water and Related Land Resources, was intended to provide uniform standards and criteria to be used by the Executive Office of the President (FOP) in reviewing reports and budget requests of the various water resources agencies.
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It also required the establishment of "principles, standards, and procedures for Federal participation in the preparation of comprehensive regional river basin plans and for the formulation and evaluation of Federal water and related land resources projects" (42 U.S.C.
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Tide ~ River Basin Commissions Several river basin commissions were established under Title II of the 1965 Water Resources Planning Act, including ones for New England, the Ohio River basin, the Missouri River basin, the Pacific Northwest, the Great Lakes, and the 16 New Directions in Water Resources Planning
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planning processes, and the presidents doling this time issued several important executive orders relating to nab resources policy and planning. These statutes and executive orders included: · the 1969 National Environmental Policy Act; · President Nixon's July 1970 executive order creating the EPA; · the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, especially Section 404 relating to wetlands protection; · the Endangered Species Act of 1973; and · President Carter's 1977 Executive Order 11988 on floodplain management and 11990 on wetlands protection, which united the previously separate goals of reducing flood losses and environmental plumage by recognizing the beneficial values associated with wetlands (Moore and Moore, 1989~.
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From page 18... ...
In addition, Congress was soon to change the context and ground rules for federal water projects and planning. The changes enacted in the federal Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (WRDA '86)
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