Communication Mediums for Signal, ITS, and Freeway Surveillance Systems Final Report (1996) / Chapter Skim
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A.3.2 Example ITS Communcation System Designs and Costs
A.3.2 Example ITS Communcation System Designs and Costs
Pages 398-436
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From page 398... ...
As will be evident in He designs, CCI,V video is a significant factor in emerging lids communication infrastructure design. CCTV cameras have an analog baDdw~d~ of more than 6 MHz, uncompressed digital bit rate of more Han 45 Mbps, and acceptable compressed fuBmodon video bit rate of 3 to 6 Mbps employing modon JPEG or MPEG compression standards.
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From page 400... ...
TI, SONET, etch; Digital video is easily addressed to multiple desdnabons, supporting Be integration goals of ITS; and · Eventually, video wall be cost-effec~vely digitized at Be CCTV camera By employing equipment based on open standards, obsolescence of deployed equipment will be minimized, since new equipment using rapidly advancing technology will generally adhere to standards or provide for backward compatibility. A.3.2.1 Urban tTS Systems Urban systems installed in the central business district (CBD)
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From page 401... ...
are supported by a communication system for coordinated traffic control; These urban areas are extensively concrete, so that new construction of wire and fiber cable plants usually requires expensive jack and bore installations; and · TOCs are operated by the city and typically are PC or workstation based. Emerging urban US communications requirements vim include: · Video surveillance, especially for sports and other special events in downtown arenas; · The loops of intersection controllers wiB be used for measuring traffic flow and accumulating statistics.
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From page 402... ...
The state DOT is 3 to 4 miles norm of the urban TOC with nght-of-way along tile freeway suitable for direct bury fiber installation along bow sides of the freeway. L.\NCHRP\Phasc2.rpl\ NCHRP3-51 · Phase2FmalReport A3-20
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From page 404... ...
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From page 405... ...
The system is designed with analog video local links because current video encoder technology cannot cost-effectively support the video encoder at He camera or camera equipment cabinet. The cost trend, however, is down and the digitized compressed video signal is needed for switching/transm~ssion to multiple sites and to maintain video quality for long distance transmission to support emerging ITS goals of integrated video data sharing.
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From page 406... ...
~· l As n' As By ~ llJ Q
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From page 407... ...
. The path generally permits direct bury tnstaBation approximately $2.50 per foot win 24 fiber cable.
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From page 408... ...
Drum radios in SE CBD quand~ ant Radio win EIA-232 Install local link ~ nxeh~ EIA232 . field equips ent conununicaion nodes went Analog video/data transceivers video Encoders at nodes video dens at TOO Equipment ins~tation md test Communication node insertion com interfaces in con~dlercabinents 1 Co Tur~ication lo Controller Costs |Con~ller.
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From page 409... ...
Most current suburban traffic control systems are not coordinated with adjacent suburban systems, urban systems, or freeway management systems. · Suburban r~ght-of-way areas vary extensively and may permit aerial, direct bury, or conduit Installation.
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From page 410... ...
· The old town center is located in the north central part of We area shown on the map. The town center is approximately l/2 by i/2 mile and has 10 intersections with existing tropic controllers to be replaced in existing cabinets.
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From page 411... ...
l ~cn -1 ' I ~ { a)
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From page 412... ...
· The town center has 10 intersections with excising traffic controllers to be replaced in existing cabinets. · The 35 CCTV cameras will be placed at various locations.
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From page 413... ...
(Refer back to Figure A.3.2.2.~-~.) Thus, the system design has the following charactenstics: Table A.3.2.2.~1 Suburban Field Equipment Count and Data toad Analysis l l Count | Data Load Total | | Composite CCTV Cameras 35108,080,000 bps Controller 430412.800 bps 108,492,800 bps Shopping Center and Western Area CCTV Cameras 1649,408,000 bps Controllers 10096.000 bps 49,504,000 bps _ North of Freeway, Eastem Area, and Old Town Center CCTV Cameras 1133,968,000 bps Controllers 170163.200 bps 34,131,200 bps South of Freeway, Eastem Area CC1V Cameras 721,616,000 bps Controllers 160153.600 bps 24,857,600 bps Due to anticipated future grown in the shopping area, a SONET OC-3 multiplexer will be placed on the eastern edge of the shopping center.
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From page 414... ...
These systems typically have had Me following characteristics: The freeways serve local commuter needs with peak rush hour traffic during workdays in the morning and evening. Special events can also create congested traffic conditions at venous times.
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From page 416... ...
Vldeo ca T era s Analog ~ndeoldata transceiver' video Encoders at nodes video d~s at TOC Equipment installaffon and test Cornmunimbori node installaffon com. intefaoes in con~oller catinents _ _ _ Con~ler.
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From page 417... ...
· Freeways often have rtght-of-way suitable for lower cost direct bury fiber or wire cable installation or suitable reasonable cost conduit instalRation.
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From page 418... ...
This win require facilitating communication architectures and infrastructures. A.3 2.3.1 Example Metropolitan ITS System A metropolitan area with typical ITS characteristics is depicted in Figure A.3.2.3.~-1 and has the following charactenstics: The area has an outer loop on a 10 mile radius from the city center.
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From page 419... ...
l 1 ~ - s od ~ O A)
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From page 420... ...
The system design has Me following characteristics: . The backbone communication links will employ fault tolerant counter rotating rings for Me 6 SONET OC-3 nodes, wad Me topology also depicted in Figure A3~2.3.~-~.
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From page 421... ...
Table A.3.2.3.~-1 Metropolitan Field Count and Data Load Analysis Total CCTV Camera Video Control controllers VMS 1 Northwestouter loop CCT\/Camera Video Control controllers VMS 2 Southwest outer loop CCTV Camera Video Control controllers VMS 3 Northeast outer loop CCTV Camera Video Control controllers VMS 4 Southea~uter loop CCTV Camera \/'deo Control controllers VMS 5 east COD CCTV Camera Video Control controllers \/MS 6 west CBD CCTV Camera Video Control controllers VMS Totals 96,172,480 Count 125 375 25 Total 16 48 3 Total 16 48 3 Total 16 48 3 Total 15 45 5 Total 31 93 5 Total 31 93 lo Bit Rate (bits/sec) 3.09E+06 9.60E+03 960 9600 3.09E+06 9.60E+03 960 9600 3.09E+06 9.60E+03 960 9600 3.09E+06 9.60E ~ 03 960 9600 3.09E+06 9.60E+03 960 9600 3.09E+06 960 9600 3.09E+06 9.60E+03 960 9600 Data Loa IBM Composite 386,000,000 1,200,000 360,000 240 000 387,800,000 49,408,000 153,600 46,080 28,800 49,636,480 49,408,000 153,600 46,080 28,800 49,636,480 49,408,000 153,600 46,080 28,800 49,636,480 46,320,000 144,000 43,200 48,000 461555,200 95~728,000 o 89,280 48 000 95,865,280 95,728,000 297,600 89,280 57,600 MEIROPLO.XLS A3231 1
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From page 422... ...
of Me western freeway win employ microwave for the backbone links and spread spectrum radio for Me local links. This segment of the western freeway has 10 CCTV cameras, 33 controllers, and 2 VMS.
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From page 423... ...
Total fibers required 1 north 1 25 6 8 8 1 14 direct bury| south 26 6 ~2 16 conduit 2 north 25 6 ~2 16 conduit south | 26 6 8 8 | 14 direct bury| 3 north 1 26 6 8 8 1 14 direct bury south 25 6 8 8 2 16 ~conduit 4 north 23 6 7 7 2 15 conduit south | 24 6 8 8 | 14 direct bury 5 north 32 8 11 11 19 direct bury south 33 8 10 10 18 direct bury west 8 2 10 conduit east | 33 8 10 10 1 18 direct buryL 6 north 1 33 8 10 10 1 18 direct bury south (3) 33 8 10 10 18 wireless west 33 8 11 11 2 21 conduit (1)
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From page 425... ...
Since fiber in conduit dominates the cost of We system, He design was modified to employ 10/11 GHz microwave OC-3 backbone links from He TOC to nodes I, 2, 3, and 4 and lower cost direct bury fiber installation for aB local links. As can be seen, this reduces He cost of He communication infrastructure by approximately $4 Minion.
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From page 426... ...
Table A.3.2.3.~3a Metropolitan Costs with Fiber in Conduit Backbone Infrastructure IVIFO h condlit 12 for SlMlfO TOC to Node 1 ~2 TOC me Node 3 TOC ~ ~4 TOC ~ Node 5 TOC ~ Node i~ii Contain th Doe 6~ ~ _ ~UA=13e
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From page 427... ...
Table A.3.2.3.~3b Meiropolitan Costs Allernative with 10/~1 MHz Microwave Links to Nodes 1, 2, 3, and 4 UmP~ sm s o.es s o.es S &46 S 0.78 Tobl .
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From page 428... ...
equipment to provide integrated interfaces to public interacting agencies. Coordination with over area AIMS systems, such as Freeway Management, over traffic control systems, etc., Hat require communications.
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From page 429... ...
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From page 430... ...
A Freeway Management System is to be instaDed to provide modem ATMS and ATIS services to the area. Key capabilities are to collect weather data and provide it to motorists, detection incidents, and manage emergency management.
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From page 431... ...
Spread radio spectrum were considered for the local links, but were more expensive because the controllers are close to He fiber cable. CCTV cameras will emclov dedicated fibers from a node to each camera.
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From page 432... ...
Table A.3.2.4.~-1 Rural Field Count and Data Load Analysis Count -- b] m~ ~ ~ Total Composite CClV Camera Video673.09E+06206,896,000 Control 9.60E+03643,200 controllers134960128,64 Vl\/IS10960096,00 weather stations4960038,400 Total 207,763,840 Node 1 CCTV Camera Video133.09E+0640,144,000 Control 9.60E+03124,800 controllers2696024,960 VMS2960019,200 weather station196009,600 Total 40,322,56 Node2 CClV Camera Video143.09E+0643,232,000 Control 9.60E+03134,400 controllers2896026,880 VMS2960019,200 weather station196009,600 Total 43,422,08 Node 3 CClV Camera Video143.09E+0643,232,000 Control 9.60E+03134,400 controllers2896026,880 VMS2960019,200 Total 43,412,480 Node4 CClV Camera Video143.09E+0643,232,000 Control 9.60E+03134,400 controllers2896026,880 VNIS2960019,200 weather station196009,600 Total 43,422,080 Node 5 CCTV Camera Video123.09E+0637,056,000 Control 9.60E+03115,200 controllers2496023,040 VMS2960019,200 weather station196009,600 Total 37,223,040 ~_ Multiplexing Analysis Total Load Nodes 1 and 2 CCTV Camera Controllers Totals 83,376,000 368,640 83.744.640 Total Load Nodes 3, 4, 5 CCTV Camera123,520,000 Controllers537,600 Totals124,057,600 RURAL.XI~S A32411 i.'.
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From page 433... ...
This cable win provide fiber for the backbone and the video and controller local links. Table A.3.2.4.~-2 presents an analysis of the fiber cable count requirements.
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From page 434... ...
2 Fiber for full duplex counter rotating rings on each side of the freeway R~AL.XLS A32412
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From page 435... ...
inte~s in con~ller cabinenis Communicabon Inhasbu~ Con~ler Costs ICon=Uer cabin" and ins~ll Contrdler, re~ofit e~ng cabinet, & install VMS cos~ I 7Sign & controller deo Camera, equipment cabinet, Communicabon Cost per field device . Non~comm~caffon Cost per field device Total cost per field device | RURAIJO5 A32413 S20,000.00 S800.00 ; S400.00 ; S5,300.00 S20,000.00 S800.00 S400.00~ S5,300.00 S1 100.00 S1,100.00 S200.00 S1 750.00 S16,000.00 S16,000.00 unit cost S7,500.00 S3,000.00 S120,000.00 S7,500.00 S100 000.00 Tot~ Non~ricabon Grand Total S 32 018.23 S 7,965.12 S39,983.35
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