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Appendix E - Correspondence from Bill Buzbee
Pages 47-65

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From page 47... ... Our experience is that results from these kernels typically provide an upper bound on the performance of a specific computer relative to a broad set of atmospheric models. Because overall performance is often paced by memory performance, "copy" measures memory to memory transfer, "ia" measures indirect addressing, and "xpose" measures 47 Read the entire page →
From page 48... ... If I can be of further assistance, please let me know. Sincerely, Bill Buzbee, Director Scientific Computing Division National Center for Atmospheric Research cc: R Read the entire page →
From page 49... ... alog exp pwr sin sqrt 45 1 491 1.21 44 4.4 T 55T 1.414.0 2.6 1 1.4T .411 2.7 3.7 2.61.54.0 7.6 11.61.95.4 2.6 1.7 .74 1.2 9.1 12.7 34.6 40.7 10.4 39.5 46.7 14.2 3.5 8.1 34.2 Computational Kernels (mflops) radabs shal64 shal256 447.0 865.9 _ 510.0 633.2 90.8 1 112.51 20.4 1 115.1 123.2 208.380.3 160.7 54.5 87.673.6 46.1 64.6 100.7 51.3 Memory Performance -- Max measured over all vector lengths tested (mb/s) Read the entire page →
From page 50... ... CLIMATE MODELING A Sampling of Computing Systems in Major Atmospheric Modeling Centers Arounct the WorIct by Bill Buzbee, Ph.D. Director, NCAR Scientific Computing Division November 25, 1997 (revised February 6, 1998) Read the entire page →
From page 51... ... Center System # of Processors Capability Gflops ECMWF FujitsuNPP 116 80 - 100 Canada NEC/SX-4 64 40 - 50 UK Met Gray T3E 700 ~ 35 France FujitsuNPP 26 20 Denmark NEC/SX4 16 12 US GFDL Gray T90 26 15 Australia NEC/SX-4 32 20 - 25 In 1995, the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) selected the Fujitsu Vector Parallel Processor (VPP) Read the entire page →
From page 52... ... They plan to dedicate 144 processors to the global operational forecast and 144 to the regional forecast. The remaining 408 processors are to be used for research, including climate modeling [5~. Read the entire page →
From page 53... ... Atmospheric Science U.S. atmospheric science modelers currently enjoy global leadership in several areas of research that depend on high performance computers. Read the entire page →
From page 54... ... Department of Commerce has issued an antidumping order against Japanese high performance computers, NCAR plans to continue operating the CSL C90 in FY98-99 and to install a 128 microprocessor, Distributed Shared Memory (DSM) system in the CSL in mid-FY98. Read the entire page →
From page 55... ... Dr. Leif Laursen, Danish Meteorological Institute, "Technical Advances in Short Range Weather Forecasting", RCI European Member Management Symposium X, Rome, Italy, October 1997. Read the entire page →
From page 56... ... 10. Stacy Walters, NCAR ACD Division, personal communlcatlon, November 1OO7. Read the entire page →
From page 57... ... as "UCAR's robust operational requirement." The final Best and Final Offer (BAFO) from Cray Research was received February 28, 1996. Read the entire page →
From page 58... ... A New NCAR Climate Model In 1995, NCAR scientists began development of a new climate model that substantially advances the state-of-the-art in climate modeling' and this model requires a very high performance computer. "Model Gets It Right - Without Fudge Factors," AMS Science, Vol. Read the entire page →
From page 59... ... vector, nonvector, massively parallel, etc. The RFP included a benchmark suite of computer programs that were designed to verify robust operation and to measure performance. Read the entire page →
From page 60... ... at least one system that could sustain 5 Gigaflops when executing the NCAR community climate model from the benchmark suite, and (2) an aggregate capacity of at least 20 Gigaflops. Read the entire page →
From page 61... ... with a sustained performance of 18 Gigaflops. Production versions of the SX-4 operate with an 8.0 nanosecond cycle time, so a production SX-4 will deliver 20.7 Gigaflops for item 2~. Read the entire page →
From page 62... ... Basis for selection Three factors weighed heavily in evaluating the FCC BAFO and the Cray Research BAFO: a) FCC demonstrated that all of its equipment for the five-year scenario met UCAR's robust operational requirement, and met items 1) Read the entire page →
From page 63... ... 4 If an antidumping order is issued UCAR and the community it serves currently enjoy world leadership in several areas of atmospheric sciences research that depend on high performance computing. In order to maintain this leadership, UCAR must have computing capabilities that are comparable to peer organizations throughout the world. Read the entire page →
From page 64... ... community it serves, may forfeit their research leadership in advancing technology for weather forecasting and climate modeling. Summary Bibliography 1. Read the entire page →
From page 65... ... 63 ~ gg6 and addendum there dated August 23, ~ OO6 (both documents were made avaMab~ to the ITC) Read the entire page →

From page 47...

... Our experience is that results from these kernels typically provide an upper bound on the performance of a specific computer relative to a broad set of atmospheric models. Because overall performance is often paced by memory performance, "copy" measures memory to memory transfer, "ia" measures indirect addressing, and "xpose" measures 47

Appendix E - Correspondence from Bill Buzbee Pages 47-65

Appendix E - Correspondence from Bill Buzbee
Pages 47-65