Enhancing Human Performance Background Papers, Stress Management (1988) / Chapter Skim
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6 Utilization of Stress Reduction in Military Contexts
6 Utilization of Stress Reduction in Military Contexts
Pages 117-126
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From page 117... ...
There are a few clinical cases, mostly concerning PTSD described earlier as arousal reduction treatments, and very few experimental programs. My search has included technical report information sources, as well as books and journals.
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From page 118... ...
who, for this case, found guilt to integrate the whole treatment process. Other reports of pharmacology treatments of PTSD have involved the use of lithium carbonate in low dosage (Kitchner & Greenstein, 1985)
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From page 119... ...
did three single subject studies using a Rational Emotive Therapy treatment for Air Force security service personnel and reported significant improvement on self-ratings for 10 stressful situations
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From page 120... ...
Experimental Programs There are a handful of stress management programs that have been implemented in military settings. Some dissertations on cognitive modification and arousal reduction have been conducted with dissertation-size samples, but there are a few larger projects at Army and Marine Corps bases.
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From page 121... ...
Officers and enlisted men from several Army Airborne units, some Marines, and an Air Force officer participated in a study of respiration control as a stress management technique. They were taught deep breathing as a coping technique, and assessments were made of heart rate, perceived stress, and performance.
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From page 122... ...
group each Wednesday evening, which was a pre-existing program that allowed recruits the chance to ventilate feelings and discuss ways of dealing with basic training. The mental health staff consultations were a type of secondary prevention program for trainees who were experiencing difficulties ant involved group discussions on the unit day room.
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From page 123... ...
Datel and Lifrak actually edited an existing Army training film for their experimental condition and also had a control film in the design. The editing removed gratifying or rewarding aspects of the existing film, nThis Is How It Is." As expected, distress was increased after the film, but hypothesized stress preparation had no effect on distress during training.
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From page 124... ...
Oddly, the absence of significant effects on any manipulation check variable is ignored by the investigators in explaining differential group outcomes, nor were the authors struck by the implausibility of a 14% reduction in attrition reported for postgraduation enlistment as being due to an 80 minute videotape. Another Marine Corps recruit training intervention was conducted by Novaco and Sarason at San Diego (Novaco et al., 1983)
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From page 125... ...
Presently underway is a very extensive project designed to teach stress coping skills to Marine Corps drill instructors. This intervention program is being conducted at both the San Diego and Parris Island depots.
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From page 126... ...
The mechanisms by which environmental demands operate to produce stress reactions are linked to features of the physical ant loci-cultural milieux that affect stressor salience and signification, mitigating factors, resources, and coping processes. For example, not everyone who has a long commute to work on congested roadways is going to experience stress that is manifested by elevated blood pressure, negative mood, lowered frustration tolerance, impairments in cognitive functioning, and health problems.
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