The State of Development of Waste Forms for Mixed Wastes U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (1999) / Chapter Skim
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1. Introduction
1. Introduction
Pages 6-12
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From page 6... ...
Mixed wastes from uranium mining and milling are also excluded. 2 Eighteen DOE sites include waste disposal areas that must be remediated under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
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From page 7... ...
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has authority to regulate hazardous waste, which includes discarded materials that are corrosive, ignitable, reactive, or contain toxic compounds and metals.3 This report is the result of a one-year review of the status of waste forms for the disposal of mixed wastes under the responsibility of EM.
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From page 8... ...
Because waste forms are part of an integrated waste management system, the committee evaluated their state of development in the context of EM's cleanup program and current regulatory requirements. The information considered by the committee can be divided into the following categories: scope of the mixed waste problem, including the waste inventory and characteristics; the MWFA approach and activities, including technology development and application; · performance of selected waste forms in laboratory testing, as well as evaluation of specific waste forms at potential disposal sites; and regulations and waste acceptance criteria.
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From page 9... ...
The mixed waste subcommittee, as well as the other 5 OST was previously named the Office of Technology Development. 6 Focus areas 3 and 4 were combined and renamed Subsurface Contaminants.
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From page 10... ...
Knowledge of the inventory and characteristics of the waste itself is necessary to determine the subsequent steps for its treatment and disposal. For mixed wastes within the responsibility of EM, treatments are being identified and developed by the MWFA that are designed to reduce waste volume, destroy hazardous organic materials, remove or stabilize toxic chemicals, and produce waste forms that meet disposal criteria (DOE, 1997a, 1996a)
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From page 11... ...
In case of inadvertent intrusion into the repository, a stable, high-integrity waste form can limit potential exposure by discouraging excavation or drilling, and by reducing the dispersal of the waste if the repository is breached (Berry, 1994~. On the other hand, waste forms that degrade rapidly through mechanical, chemical, biochemical, radiological, or other mechanisms may result in untimely release of contaminants and in some cases may actually facilitate migration of contaminants from the disposal facility.
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From page 12... ...
in reviewing and evaluating the state of development of waste forms, this report will present information gathered by the mixed waste committee and the committee's findings and recommendations in the context of mixed waste management. This includes the characteristics and inventory of EM's mixed wastes, regulatory controls, technology availability, characterization of waste forms, and use of PA models.
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