Approaches to Robotics in the United States and Japan Report of a Bilateral Exchange (1990) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Toward the Third Generation of Intelligent Robots
Toward the Third Generation of Intelligent Robots
Pages 13-18
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 13... ...
Toshiba, for example, derives considerable support from the electric power industry and the Japanese government for much of Me work it is doing in nuclear applications. A shortage of skilled labor and a union system (industry- as well as companywide3 that promotes labor-management cooperation has enabled Japanese companies to maintain steady employment in the manufacturing sector while introducing substantial numbers of robots.
|
From page 14... ...
The study concluded that technology was a weak predictor of productivity compared to quality and management. By 1984 the motivation in Japan for using robots had shifted from labor cost savings and response to an aging society toward flexibility for small-lot, multiproduct lines and productivity improvement.
|
From page 15... ...
Fifteen- to 20year projects that would not be feasible in the United States, such as the development of certain robotics applications in the nuclear power plant industry, are undertaken by companies like Toshiba with support from the electric power industry and the government. Although strong formal ties generally do not exist between industry and universities in Japan, informal ties are very strong.
|
From page 16... ...
Implementation is divided between national laboratories (which conduct basic research) and the private sector (which pursues development)
|
From page 17... ...
The remote technology used for surveying and recovery at the crippled Three Mile Island nuclear reactor was developed in an applied program with specific objectives and was funded principally by the federal government. The Autonomous Land Vehicle was a government initiative that developed advanced, fundamental robot vision, planning, and navigation technology without an immediate application focus.
|
From page 18... ...
Because the U.S. government funds comparatively little applied research in robotics, and only defense programs fund development in industry, transfer of the universities' basic research into products has been slow.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.