Learning the R & D System Industrial R & D in Japan and the United States (1990) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 32-34
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From page 32... ...
Here the emphasis is on the combination of mechanical and electronics technologies.45 If the combination of technologies originating in different industries is overtaking industry-specific know how as the driving force of industrial technology innovation, the argument goes that the effect will be to increase the impetus for cooperation among rival firms. Considering the high cost of high technology-oriented R&D and the limited resources of individual companies, technology fusion may be extended across national borders.
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From page 33... ...
Whereas in Japan rival firms have been able, sometimes with the encouragement of government, to join forces, in the United States antitrust restrictions and weaker linkages among firms in the same industry have made such cooperation rare. Cognizant of weaknesses in Japan's university research, Japanese government and industry see international consortia as potential vehicles for foreigners to gain access to Japanese technology.
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From page 34... ...
A suggestion was made that an unofficial, private sector forum be established by industry leaders from both countries, with the purposes of resolving problems that inhibit collaboration in industrial R&D and communicating to policy makers.48 This suggestion is based on the assumption that the private sector has, in practice, already taken the lead in expanding technological linkages and that those with first-hand experience are in the best position to resolve problems and share lessons about which approaches work best to ensure that partners from both countries benefit. Working groups of experts from both countries would have to meet relatively frequently to address such issues as standards, guidelines for licensing and joint ventures, harmonization of approaches to intellectual property protection, institutionalization of mechanisms for exchange of researchers among corporate laboratories, and structuring of cooperative projects in generic R&D involving firms from both countries.
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