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Learning the R & D System National Laboratories and Other Non-Academic, Non-Industrial Organizations in Japan and the United States (1989) / Chapter Skim
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5 Professional Associations
Pages 24-29

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From page 24...
... HISTORICAL EVOLUTION Professional associations have a century-long history in both the United States and Japan. The American Society of Civil Engineers, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (AS ME)
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From page 25...
... ROLES The professional associations of both countries play similar roles in some areas, but they also perform unique functions. These include the Japanese professional associations' system for cooperative research and the role of some U.S.
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From page 26...
... professional associations in public affairs that has come with the rising importance, complexity, and globalization of science and technology. The American Chemical Society releases English translations of abstracts of Japanese and other foreign chemistry and chemical engineering literature through its subsidiary, Chemical Abstracts Service.
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From page 27...
... The Science Council also includes members representing the social sciences and humanities. The most distinctive role of Japanese professional associations is their system of cooperative research.
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From page 28...
... During 1978-1982, for example, the manufacturing engineering research committee of the Japan Society of Automobile Engineers developed user-oriented CAD/CAM systems and standardized computerized programmable controllers.S2 Japanese academic associations are also active in research with practical industrial applications, in part because the continuation of their research efforts may depend on industry funding. Many have had university-industry cooperative research committees in place for many years.
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From page 29...
... In the United States, professional associations often feature seminars and journal articles on employment prospects and issues affecting the profession. This is not a formal activity of Japanese professional associations.
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