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Guidelines for Chemical Warfare Agents in Military Field Drinking Water (1995) / Chapter Skim
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5 GUIDELINES FOR T-2 TOXIN
Pages 37-42

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From page 37...
... agent in Southeast Asia and Afghanistan, no accurate human-exposure data are available. T-2 toxin purportedly was dispersed aerially as a CW agent in combat zones in Southeast Asia and Afghanistan, where inllabitants described the yellow substance as "granules or mists that fell like rain"; this substance later became known as "yellow rain" (Haig, 1982; NRC, 1983~.
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From page 38...
... Both T-2 toxin and DAS produce severe gastrointestinal toxic effects, such as diarrhea and vomiting. The pharmacokinetic studies in monkeys identified metabolites of T-2 toxin; the T-2 metabolites can be used to identify T-2exposed persons.
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From page 39...
... Based on a consideration of the circumstances under which these water standards would be invoked (war timed and the population that would be exposed (presumably healthy soldiers) , the use of conservative safety factors, such as those used for setting standards affecting general populations, was deemed inappropriate.
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From page 40...
... might together provide a small margin of safety for battlefield exposures. In fact, the proposed concentration is comparable to values extrapolated from animal data in which an emetic dose was administered in a tong-term feeding trial and adjusted using a 10- and 100-fold safety factor.
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From page 41...
... Most severe health effects, including gastroiIltestinal problems, were reported in cancer patients administered a daily dose of DAS by rapid i.v. infusion for 5 days, a dose about 30 times greater than that used to calculate We standards.
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From page 42...
... The subcommittee concludes that the Army's proposed field drinking-water standards for T-2 toxin are appropriate. Thus, the field drir~king-water guidelines recommended by the subcommittee are the same as the Army's proposed standards.
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Key Terms

  • cancer patients
  • drinking water
  • field drinking
  • proposed standards
  • proposed field

  • southeast asia
  • water consumption
  • chemical warfare
  • toxic effects
  • emetic dose

  • advanced disease
  • safety factors
  • performance decrement
  • detection limit
  • comprehensive analysis

  • proposed concentration
  • current field
  • gastrointestinal toxic
  • generalized burning
  • water standards

  • interim field
  • subcommittee concludes
  • adjusted using
  • conservative safety
  • causes cell

  • values extrapolated
  • accurately reconstructed
  • drug das
  • episodes related
  • produce nausea


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