Review of the U.S. Navy's Exposure Standard for Manufactured Vitreous Fibers (2000) / Chapter Skim
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6 Epidemiological Studies
6 Epidemiological Studies
Pages 41-50
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From page 41... ...
The Navy's documentation in Mar~-Made Vitreous Fibers evaluated data primarily from the three large cohort studies conducted in Europe, the United States, and Canada. Since publication of the Navy's report, several new epidemiological studies (Chiazze et al.
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From page 42... ...
Lung-cancer odds ratios (ORB) among workers exposed to respirable glass fibers were below unity, as were ORs for exposures to asbestos, RCF, respirable silica (except for the lowest exposure level)
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From page 43... ...
There were no statistically significant increases in the SMRs for any of the remaining cause-of-death categories except nephritis and nephrosis (observed, 12; SMR, 2041. Exposures were estimated quantitatively for respirable fibers, asbestos, formaldehyde, and silica and qualitatively for arsenic, asbestos, asphalt, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolics, radiation, and urea.
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From page 44... ...
Among specific cancer causes of death, SMRs were statistically significantly increased only for lung cancer in the rock- and slag-woo} subcohort (observed, 97; SMR, 1.34) , with 42 of the deaths in workers in one factory in Germany, and the glass-woo} subcohort (observed, 140; SMR, T.27)
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From page 46... ...
They derived an overall estimate of the average prevalence of ever having smoked cigarettes in 1940-1980 (the followup period of the Newark cohort) for white men in the United States at least 20 years old from the National Health Interview Survey special smoking supplements for 1978-1980.
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From page 47... ...
The nested case-control study, which controlled for the possibility of past asbestos exposure as a potential confounding factor, corroborated the findings of the cohort study. The latency-validation review of historical xrays confirmed that a biologically plausible period had elapsed between initial exposure and development of pleural plaques.
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From page 48... ...
19971. The authors state that "the decrease in RCF exposure levels over the last 10 years through engineering and work practice changes has reduced any detectable continued effect of RCF exposure on FVC and FEVER" They plan to study workers with fewer than five spirometry tests to further assess participation bias because it was noted that smokers with reduced lung function were less likely to have produced at least five spirometry tests which were required for inclusion in the longitudinal analysis.
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From page 49... ...
Evidence from the case-control studies demonstrates that there is no significant association between fiber exposure and lung cancer or nonmalignant respiratory disease in the MVF manufacturing environment. It is clear, for example, that of the Newark, Ohio, plant workers (who made up some 35% of the U.S.
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From page 50... ...
so MANUFACTURED VITREOUS FIBERS experienced by manufacturing workers, who have been the focus of epidemiological investigations. Therefore, the difference in exposures between the two workforces raises concerns about inferring health risks to Navy personnel on the basis of data derived from the MVF manufacturing industry.
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