Personnel Needs and Training for Biomedical and Behavioral Research The 1975 Report of the Committee on a Study of National Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Personnel (1975) / Chapter Skim
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4 Some Trends in Training and Utilization
4 Some Trends in Training and Utilization
Pages 44-59
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From page 44... ...
The changes in growth rates in the behavioral sciences are much more pronounced than in the basic biomedical sciences. Here the average annual growth rate was 12.4 percent from 1960 to 1968 and only 3.6 percent thereafter.
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From page 45... ...
S Department of Health, Education and Welfare, National Center for Education Statistics, Students Enrolled for Advanced Degrees, Annual Reports 1960-71.
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From page 46... ...
Of the 164,000 graduate students in the 1973 survey of the sciences and engineering by the National Science Foundation, over 65,000 were in the basic biomedical, behavioral, and clinical sciences. As one might expect, the basic biomedical and clinical sciences rely more heavily upon federal support (30 percent and 41 percent, respectively)
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From page 47... ...
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From page 48... ...
Conversely, the much smaller amount of federal research done in the behavioral sciences explains their lesser volume of research assistantships and federal support. The overwhelming concentration of the clinical sciences support in fellowships and traineeships especially postdoctoral- opposed to minor support for participation in research assistantships may be explained by the historically greater utilization of the training mechanism in clinically oriented programs.
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From page 50... ...
The health services research field has had erratic but generally continuous growth since 1961 at an annual growth rate of about 13 percent per year through 1974. The number of Ph.D.'s given annually in the clinical sciences is very small.
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From page 51... ...
FIGURE 2 Annual Production of Ph.D.'s in the Biomedical/Behavioral Fields Number of Average Annual Ph.D.'s Awarded Growth Rates: 1961-71 1971-74 1 7800 7400 7000 6600 6200 5800 5400 _ 5000 4600 4200 _ 3800 ~ 3400 ~ 3000 _ 2600 2200 1800 ~ 1400 Source: TABLE 7 51 All Biomedical/ Behavioral Fields Basic Biomedical Sciences Behavioral Sciences All Biomedical/ ~ / Behavioral Fields \ / 11.9% 2.0% 12.1% -0.9% 11.8% 5.6% Basic Biomedical Sciences ~ , / / / Behavioral Sciences 1961 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 Y E A R
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From page 52... ...
The clinical science fields in the DRF are limited to medicine and surgery, dentistry, veterinary medicine, optometry and ophthalmology. 2The large increase in Ph.D.'s awarded in the health services research field from 1969 to 1970 may have been due to a reclassification of field codes in the DRF during that period.
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From page 53... ...
Growth rates calculated by Commission on Human Resources, NAS/NRC.
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From page 54... ...
82.5 85.1 87.5 89.8 92.7 95.9 100.0 104.8 110. ~ 116.0 122.5 130.1 136.0 144.1 157.1 1A Price Index for Deflation of Academic R and D Expenditures NSF 72-310, Government Printing Office, Washington, D
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C., various years. , National Science Foundation, Washington, 55
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As a result, although total national funds for health-related research have continued to expand at almost 9 percent per year in actual dollars, the real growth in constant dollars since 1968 has been about 3 percent per year. During the past five years, about 60 percent of federal R and D funds for biomedical/ behavioral research went to the basic biomedical and health-related sciences, 30 percent to the clinical sciences, and the remaining 10 percent to the behavioral sciences (TABLE 91.
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From page 57... ...
Researchera (1973) 17,800 347 5,317 151 577 907 340 163 1,056 983 1,930 1,388 215 411 1,624 1,769 622 7,955 332 551 1,272 1,424 90 307 297 248 3,434 6,914 263 78 776 99 115 333 574 5 797 468 77 509 196 86 563 110 1,067 798 1The numbers of individuals shown in the above table do not necessarily reflect the numbers that have been supported by NIH/ADAMHA/HRA training programs.
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From page 58... ...
503 291 212 704 342 30 332 33876 The American Medical Association estimates that about 8,400 M.D. were engaged in research activities in 1974.
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From page 59... ...
M.D.'s Ph.D.'s Total Basic Biomedical Sciences 1,400 29,500 30,900 Behavioral Sciences __c 7,900 7,900 Clinical Sciences 6,800 600 7,400 Health Services Research 200 800 1,000 TOTAL 8,400 38,800 47,200 aThe estimated total of 8,400 M.D.'s in research was derived from Profile of Medical Practice, American Medical Association, Chicago, Illinois, 1974. The number in each suLfield was estimated from data supplied by the Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, D
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