Personnel Needs and Training for Biomedical and Behavioral Research The 1975 Report of the Committee on a Study of National Needs for Biomedical and Behavioral Personnel (1975) / Chapter Skim
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Some directions that this effort will take are described in the last two sections of this chapter and in Appendix D In addition, the Committee is looking forward in the year ahead to obtaining information about recommended future levels of biomedical and behavioral research support from the report of the President's Panel on Biomedical Research.
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The demand for additional doctoral scientists is going to depend upon the research programs of the National Institutes of Health and other government agencies, expansion of research in industry, the development of government programs for improvement of the environment, and personnel requirements related to quality standards on food, drugs, water, and medical treatment. Some guidance as to appropriate levels will come from the recommendations of the President's Panel on Biomedical Research concerning future levels of biomedical research.
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However, NIH and ADAMHA training grants support a large fraction of the doctoral candidates in certain areas of the behavioral sciences such as anthropology, behavior/ethology, and sociology that are of special interest for the objectives of certain programs of NIH, ADAMHA, and HRA. The needs for federal research training support in the behavioral sciences should therefore be judged in relation to the requirements for behavioral research in areas relevant to current national health objectives e ~ .
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This limitation may make it possible to reduce the number of trainees in this area, but the facts are not yet sufficiently clear to the Committee that it can feel confident of specific recommendations for reductions. At the present time, medical students are showing increased interest in medical practice rather than careers in research, and so current programs for research training in clinical sciences may be undersubscribed as compared with recent past training levels, and there may be no need for deliberate restraining action.
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The Committee suggests that training programs emphasize postdoctoral training somewhat more than predoctoral until the future demands for such research personnel become clearer. This is not a single field, and a wide diversity of training grant programs needs to be developed.
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This simple classification of all NIH, ADAMHA, and HRA research training programs in the biomedical and behavioral sciences is not intended to inhibit innovation of new types of training grant and fellowship support or of new areas or concepts of training. Interdisciplinary fields are often important for developments which are relevant for health problems and should be encouraged.
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The Committee recommends, while recognizing the importance of predoctoral fellowships in certain instances, that predoctoral training of NIH, ADAMHA, and HRA be supported through training grants. At the postdoctoral level there is more need for fellowships because of the much wider variety of fields and the fact that some of the postdoctorate need the opportunity to seek training in smaller departments, laboratories, or institutes that might not be able to sustain training programs.
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Other appropriate steps should also be taken so that complete data on individuals in this group will be available. The Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration and the Health Resources Administration should create from administrative records a comprehensive, computerized data bank concerning all persons who have been given support in their fellowship and training programs, both predoctoral and postdoctoral, from the inception of the programs to the present, and should keep these files-current in the future.
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aiven to the market model, which attempts to incorporate Behavioral characteristics of employers, training institutions, and individual students and scientists, as well as to the "fixed-coefficient" methods of projection used in the past. RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING THE SYSTEM OF RESEARCH TRAINING AND UTILIZATION During the year ahead, the Committee will examine in greater detail the complex problems of the system with which the National Research Service Award Act is concerned.
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Innovative approaches to research training, such as the new program in the National Heart and Lung Institute, need to be instituted and evaluated.
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