Review of NASA's Biomedical Research Program (2000) / Chapter Skim
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9 Behavior and Performance
9 Behavior and Performance
Pages 58-67
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From page 58... ...
how do microgravity and the space environment affect human behavior and performance, and (2) how can we enhance human performance in spaceflight?
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From page 59... ...
Issues related to sleep and circadian rhythms were addressed by the greatest number (11 projects) , followed by issues related to neurovestibular functioning (6 projects)
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From page 60... ...
, and one has been initiated. These include a select-in validation study for long-duration flight; a critical task analysis for on-orbit performance assessment; an individualized workload limits monitoring system; a fatigue monitoring system; a Phase III chamber protocol to evaluate operational methodologies and hardware for sleep monitoring in simulated ISS activities; data collection on sleep medication efficacy, sleep quality, and pharmacodynamic assessment of "PRN" (i.e., as needed)
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From page 61... ...
Most of this research is concerned with the characteristics of sleep and circadian rhythms and with changes in cognition and perception related to alteration of neurovestibular function on long-duration missions. Although some research is being conducted currently on the psychosocial mechanisms underlying the effects of isolation and confinement on cognitive, affective, and psychophysiological measures of behavior and performance, the level of effort in addressing environmental, individual, interpersonal, and organizational issues is not consistent with the priority placed on these issues in the Strategy report.
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From page 62... ...
This research is essential to understanding fundamental physiological and psychological mechanisms underlying behavior and performance during extended spaceflight. Ground-based investigations in laboratories and analogue settings (i.e., isolation chambers, polar expeditions)
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From page 63... ...
Emphasis Given to Fundamental Mechanisms Basic research designed to elucidate fundamental physiological mechanisms underlying such aspects of behavior and performance as sleep and circadian rhythms and sensorimotor and neurovestibular functioning accounts for most of the currently funded research in this area. These studies give appropriate emphasis to understanding fundamental mechanisms and demonstrate the need for such an understanding as a prerequisite to countermeasure development, testing, and validation.
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From page 64... ...
Current psychological adaptation countermeasures include select-out and select-in procedures for astronauts, family support office, preflight training in long duration mission and cross-cultural issues, in-flight psychological monitoring and support, and postflight debriefings. Proposed countermeasures include select-in procedures for the Expedition Astronaut Corps, individual and team field training and assessment, individual training support and consultation, crew conference plans, and confined operations
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From page 65... ...
Current behavioral illness countermeasures include select-out procedures for the astronaut corps, behavioral medicine care for astronauts and families, crew medical officer preflight training, in-flight monitoring and care, the Spaceflight Cognitive Assessment Tool, the private medical conference with the flight surgeon, and the administration of medications. Proposed countermeasures include an annual behavioral examination, select-out procedures for the Expedition Astronaut Corps, development of individual performance plans, preflight assessments of mood and stress, behavioral medicine meetings with astronauts and families preflight and postflight, and the Spaceflight Behavioral Assessment Tool.
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From page 66... ...
Designed for the purpose of evaluating large-scale bioregenerative planetary life support systems with human test crews for long durations, BIO-Plex represents a high-fidelity test facility for the development of advanced technologies and methodologies for monitoring individual and interpersonal behavior, as well as for studies of fundamental mechanisms and countermeasure testing and validation. Its proximity to psychological and psychiatric operations personnel at JSC also provides an ideal context for fostering
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From page 67... ...
50260. International Space Station Program Medical Operations Space and Life Sciences Directorate.
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