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Microbial Status and Genetic Evaluation of Mice and Rats Proceedings of the 1999 US/Japan Conference (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Emerging (and Reemerging) Viruses of Laboratory Mice and Rats
Pages 27-34

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From page 27...
... Smith Professor of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center Maywood, Illinois INTRODUCTION Results of serologic tests performed to monitor laboratory rodents for infectious diseases are dramatically more accurate now than in the 1970s when serologic testing was largely limited to complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) tests.
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From page 28...
... The existence of a putative new parvovirus was supported by studies at Yale, where transmission within an enzootically infected breeding colony of mice was documented. Medium from cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes and explanted spleens of seropositive mice contained a substance that agglutinated mouse erythrocytes; however, the hemagglutination could not be inhibited by antibody to MVM, rat virus (RV)
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From page 29...
... Unexpectedly, MPV also induced rejection of syngeneic skin grafts, and T cells from infected, graft-sensitized mice lysed syngeneic target cells (McKisic and others 1998~. Autoimmunity as a consequence of MPV infection is intriguing in view of recent reports suggesting that Bl9 virus may induce autoimmune disease in humans (Lunardi and others 1998; Vigeant and others 1994~.
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From page 30...
... RPV-la preferentially infects lymphoid tissues and endothelium and, unlike isolates of RV, is enterotropic as well (Ball-Goodrich and others 1998~. Based on their affinity for lymphoid tissues, rat parvoviruses might be expected to modulate immune responses.
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From page 31...
... More recent reports have shown that MHV can also noncytolytically infect embryonic stem cell lines derived from mice of many genetic backgrounds (Kyuwa 1997~. This finding makes it imperative to use feeder cells from uninfected mice.
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From page 32...
... Compounding the problem is the issue of housing density, which contributes to transmission of infections among animals just as it does in human institutions such as day-care centers. Perhaps the best analogy in humans is adenovirus-associated acute respiratory disease in newly assembled military recruits housed under crowded conditions.
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From page 33...
... 1995. A nonlethal rat parvovirus infection suppresses rat T lymphocyte effector functions.
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From page 34...
... 1991. In vitro splenic T cell responses of diverse mouse genotypes after oronasal exposure to mouse hepatitis virus, strain JHM.
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Key Terms

  • mouse hepatitis
  • rat parvovirus
  • mouse parvovirus
  • cell lines
  • embryonic stem

  • rat parvoviruses
  • lymphoid tissues
  • infected mice
  • enzootically infected
  • laboratory rodents

  • parvovirus infection
  • hai assay
  • ifa test
  • mouse serum
  • parvovirus infections

  • rodent parvovirus
  • pooled mouse
  • newly recognized
  • experimentally infected
  • wild rats

  • stem cells
  • complement fixation
  • viral dna
  • stem cell
  • altered rodents

  • crowded conditions
  • situ hybridization
  • immune responses
  • mouse embryonic
  • genetically susceptible


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