Opportunities for Environmental Applications of Marine Biotechnology Proceedings of the October 5-6, 1999, Workshop (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Applications of Economics in the Field of Environmental Marine Biotechnology
Applications of Economics in the Field of Environmental Marine Biotechnology
Pages 25-33
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From page 25... ...
This observation also applies to scientists involved in the study of marine biotechnology. Thus, there is almost no existing economics literature that relates to marine environmental biotechnology.
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A particularly useful analytical tool that has emerged from these fields is cost benefit analysis, which I argue will provide a useful tool to examine the economic issues inherent in marine environmental biotechnology. BACKGROUND Benefit cost analysis has become the standard method for determining the value of government projects and policies from a societal perspective.
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From page 27... ...
reports the cost of aquaculture cages ranges from $10 to $100/m3, with the most expensive cages providing the most containment protection, but suggests that aquaculture would become unprofitable with cage prices above $50/m3. The cost of monitoring to avoid accidental releases would potentially be extremely high and could be particularly difficult to implement; in 1995, expenditures for enforcing all environmental regulations amounted to approximately $115 billion.
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From page 28... ...
The end result is that if increased supplies of fish result from genetic modification in mariculture, prices should fall. In response to lower prices, the existing fishing industry would have a perverse incentive to apply more effort in natural fisheries, depleting natural stocks at a rate faster than currently experienced.
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From page 29... ...
, and in six of 11 fishing regions, more than 60% of species have already been depleted or fished to their biological limit (FAO 1995~. This fact has additional economic implications for labor markets; for instance, 40,000 jobs were lost in eastern Canada in 1992 as a result of the collapse of the Atlantic cod fishery (Clayton 1995; Garcia and Newton 1994; WRI 1996~.
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Mittelman's perspective, biofilms research would have major applications in prevention of microbial infection, particularly in instances where surface adhesion of biofilms poses infection risk, such as in artificial hearts and urinary tract infections associated with catheterization. Once again, the spillover benefits of controlling biofilm infections would be great and would present possibilities for prevention of nosocomial infections that contribute directly to hospital costs and indirectly to economic productivity.
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One example of an economic cost of reef loss is in the subsequent loss of other marine species that rely on the reef during some or all of their life cycles. Another is their significant role in the livelihood of food fish species.
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Freeman AM, III. 1974 On estimating air pollution control benefits from land value studies.
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From page 33... ...
Scura LF, van's Hof T 1993 Economic feasibility and ecological sustainability of the Bonaire Marine Park.
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