Opportunities for Environmental Applications of Marine Biotechnology Proceedings of the October 5-6, 1999, Workshop (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Bacterial Biofilms and Bifouling: Translational Research in Marine Biotechnology
Bacterial Biofilms and Bifouling: Translational Research in Marine Biotechnology
Pages 3-7
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These problems can also influence fuel consumption; for example, it has been estimated that 10% or more of fuel consumed by large naval vessels is required to overcome the viscous drag imposed by fouling organisms on ship hulls. In addition to the direct economic problems created by the activities of micro- and macrofouling organisms, the operational readiness of military vessels is influenced by the frequency of repairs and preventive maintenance activities that result from biological fouling.
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However, polymers also have a number of ancillary benefits, such as metal binding, which afford labile cellular components (e.g., sulfhydryl groups) some protection from otherwise toxic effects of heavy metals.
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On-line detection techniques developed through research in the marine biotechnology arena have included evanescent wave technologies, fluorometry, acoustical monitoring, and electrochemical techniques. Evanescent wave technologies such as Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy have been applied to the detection of marine fouling organisms.
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TABLE 1. Key Issues in the Translation of Marine Biotechnology Research into Industrial, Environmental, and Medical Arenas Issue Challenge Translation of marine research to industrial, medical, and environmental applications On-line monitoring for biofilms and biofouling Novel antifouling compounds Commercialization of applicable marine biotechnology inventions Paucity of research into the microbial ecology of fouling biofilms Sensitivity and selectivity of analytical tools Toxicity and materials compatibility Intellectual property considerations; economics
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Biofouling 9:279-292. Franklin MJ, Nivens DE, Vass AA, Mittelman MW, Jack RF, Dowling NJE, White DC.
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