National Academies Press: OpenBook
Page i
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26090.
×
Page R1
Page ii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26090.
×
Page R2
Page iii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26090.
×
Page R3
Page iv
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26090.
×
Page R4
Page v
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26090.
×
Page R5
Page vi
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26090.
×
Page R6
Page vii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26090.
×
Page R7
Page viii
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26090.
×
Page R8

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

A I R P O R T C O O P E R A T I V E R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M ACRP RESEARCH REPORT 229 2021 Research sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration Subscriber Categories Aviation (AVN) • Operations and Traffic Management (OTM) • Safety and Human Factors (SHF) Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions Gaël Le Bris Loup-Giang Nguyen Beathia Tagoe WSP USA, Inc. Raleigh, NC Andrew Churchill Steve Vail MoSAIc ATM, Inc. Leesburg, VA Heidi Benaman Dave Fleet FAITh GroUP, LLc St. Louis, MO Tom Zajkowski norTh cAroLInA STATe UnIverSITy InSTITUTe For TrAnSPorTATIon reSeArch And edUcATIon Raleigh, NC Jim Krieger WorLdWIde AvIATIon SoLUTIonS, LLc Wauconda, IL

AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM Airports are vital national resources. They serve a key role in trans- portation of people and goods and in regional, national, and interna- tional commerce. They are where the nation’s aviation system connects with other modes of transportation and where federal responsibility for managing and regulating air traffic operations intersects with the role of state and local governments that own and operate most airports. Research is necessary to solve common operating problems, to adapt appropriate new technologies from other industries, and to introduce innovations into the airport industry. The Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) serves as one of the principal means by which the airport industry can develop innovative near-term solutions to meet demands placed on it. The need for ACRP was identified in TRB Special Report 272: Airport Research Needs: Cooperative Solutions in 2003, based on a study spon- sored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). ACRP carries out applied research on problems that are shared by airport operating agen- cies and not being adequately addressed by existing federal research programs. ACRP is modeled after the successful National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) and Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP). ACRP undertakes research and other technical activi- ties in various airport subject areas, including design, construction, legal, maintenance, operations, safety, policy, planning, human resources, and administration. ACRP provides a forum where airport operators can cooperatively address common operational problems. ACRP was authorized in December 2003 as part of the Vision 100— Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act. The primary participants in the ACRP are (1) an independent governing board, the ACRP Oversight Committee (AOC), appointed by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Transportation with representation from airport operating agencies, other stakeholders, and relevant industry organizations such as the Airports Council International-North America (ACI-NA), the American Associa- tion of Airport Executives (AAAE), the National Association of State Aviation Officials (NASAO), Airlines for America (A4A), and the Airport Consultants Council (ACC) as vital links to the airport community; (2) TRB as program manager and secretariat for the governing board; and (3) the FAA as program sponsor. In October 2005, the FAA executed a contract with the National Academy of Sciences formally initiating the program. ACRP benefits from the cooperation and participation of airport professionals, air carriers, shippers, state and local government officials, equipment and service suppliers, other airport users, and research organi- zations. Each of these participants has different interests and responsibili- ties, and each is an integral part of this cooperative research effort. Research problem statements for ACRP are solicited periodically but may be submitted to TRB by anyone at any time. It is the responsibility of the AOC to formulate the research program by identifying the highest priority projects and defining funding levels and expected products. Once selected, each ACRP project is assigned to an expert panel appointed by TRB. Panels include experienced practitioners and research specialists; heavy emphasis is placed on including airport professionals, the intended users of the research products. The panels prepare project statements (requests for proposals), select contractors, and provide technical guidance and counsel throughout the life of the project. The process for developing research problem statements and selecting research agencies has been used by TRB in managing coop- erative research programs since 1962. As in other TRB activities, ACRP project panels serve voluntarily without compensation. Primary emphasis is placed on disseminating ACRP results to the intended users of the research: airport operating agencies, service pro- viders, and academic institutions. ACRP produces a series of research reports for use by airport operators, local agencies, the FAA, and other interested parties; industry associations may arrange for workshops, training aids, field visits, webinars, and other activities to ensure that results are implemented by airport industry practitioners. ACRP RESEARCH REPORT 229 Project 10-27 ISSN 2572-3731 (Print) ISSN 2572-374X (Online) ISBN 978-0-309-67380-8 Library of Congress Control Number 2021931562 © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, FAA, FHWA, FTA, GHSA, NHTSA, or TDC endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP. Cover photo credit: Gaël Le Bris NOTICE The research report was reviewed by the technical panel and accepted for publication according to procedures established and overseen by the Transportation Research Board and approved by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research and are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board; the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; or the program sponsors. The Transportation Research Board; the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; and the sponsors of the Airport Cooperative Research Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the object of the report. Published research reports of the AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM are available from Transportation Research Board Business Office 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 and can be ordered through the Internet by going to https://www.nationalacademies.org and then searching for TRB Printed in the United States of America

The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, non- governmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. John L. Anderson is president. The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president. The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine. Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org. The Transportation Research Board is one of seven major programs of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The mission of the Transportation Research Board is to provide leadership in transportation improvements and innovation through trusted, timely, impartial, and evidence-based information exchange, research, and advice regarding all modes of transportation. The Board’s varied activities annually engage about 8,000 engineers, scientists, and other transportation researchers and practitioners from the public and private sectors and academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest. The program is supported by state transportation departments, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and other organizations and individuals interested in the development of transportation. Learn more about the Transportation Research Board at www.TRB.org.

C O O P E R A T I V E R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M S CRP STAFF FOR ACRP RESEARCH REPORT 229 Christopher J. Hedges, Director, Cooperative Research Programs Lori L. Sundstrom, Deputy Director, Cooperative Research Programs Marci A. Greenberger, Manager, Airport Cooperative Research Program Theresia H. Schatz, Senior Program Officer Tyler Smith, Senior Program Assistant Eileen P. Delaney, Director of Publications Natalie Barnes, Associate Director of Publications ACRP PROJECT 10-27 PANEL Field of Operations Michael J. Gernant, The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, New York, NY (Chair) Rose M. Agnew, Aviation Innovation, LLC, St. Paul, MN Kirk Andrew Demers, Los Angeles, CA Jaime Edrosa, Q&D Construction, Sparks, NV Deb Helton, Helton Ventures, LLC, Memphis, TN Peter Sonnenfeld, Mount Airy, MD Linda V. Weiland, Embry Riddle Aeronautical University, Honolulu, HI Susan Gardner, FAA Liaison Keith Henry, FAA Liaison Paul James Eubanks, Airports Council International–North America Liaison AUTHOR ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The research reported herein was performed under ACRP Project 10-27 by a multidisciplinary team led by WSP USA. WSP USA, Inc. was the contractor for this study. Gaël Le Bris, C.M., P.E., Senior Aviation Planner and Senior Technical Principal at WSP USA was the Project Director and Prin- cipal Investigator for this project. The other authors of this report are Loup-Giang Nguyen and Beathia Tagoe (WSP USA), Andrew Churchill and Steve Vail (Mosaic ATM), Heidi Benaman and Dave Fleet (Faith Group), Jim Krieger (Worldwide Aviation Solutions), and Tom Zajkowski (NC State University/ITRE). The work was done under the supervision of Gaël Le Bris. The authors wish to thank the participants in the survey, inter- views, and workshops conducted as part of this project and the stakeholders of airport operations who shared data, perspectives, and materials with the project team. We particularly express appre- ciation to Sherry Avery (FAA LAX ATCT), Hervé Breton (Groupe ADP), Jack Christine (Charlotte Douglas International Airport), Dave Cunningham (Denver International Airport), Bernie Davis (formerly with American Airlines), Lexie Farmer (Charlotte Douglas International Airport), Sean Fortier (FAA MSP ATCT), Trevis Gardner (McGhee Tyson Airport), Mark Gibbs (Lake Tahoe Airport), Tracy Gillen (FAA DTW ATCT), Bob Hildebidle (FAA MIA ATCT/TRACON), Amber Leathers (Charlotte Douglas Inter national Airport), Eugène Leeman (ACI Europe), Joe Mantello (FAA ORD ATCT), Larry Mares (San Francisco International Airport), Todd Meyer (Division of Aviation of North Carolina DOT), Jeffrey Perry (Charlotte Douglas International Airport), Robert Pyrka (JFK International Air Terminal), Margaret Rendon (FAA SAT ATCT/TRACON), Paul Sichko (Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport), Dave Siewert (FAA JFK ATCT), David Staples (Philadelphia International Airport), Al Stuart (Salt Lake City International Airport), Terri Tibbe (Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport), Mark Wiebke (Charlotte Douglas Inter- national Airport), the Association of California Airports, the North Carolina Airports Association, and the Oregon Airport Manage- ment Association.

F O R E W O R D ACRP Research Report 229: Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions describes processes and tools for airports and their stakeholders for imple- mentation and effective use of CDM to enhance the management of adverse conditions at a variety of types and sizes of airports and aviation systems. It accompanies an electronic toolbox that contains a compendium of implementation practices to apply ACDM principles and tools and identifies the benefits of ACDM as applied to the mitigation of the continuum of disruptions. This report presents processes for planning and operating with ACDM as well as imple- menting changes. It features tools to assess the impact on existing practices and provides a comprehensive training program framework. An electronic toolbox was developed that provides information on ACDM and its implementation along with an electronic library on collaborative operations. There are also collaborative tools and templates for information- sharing and decision-making purposes, and reference sheets that document a broad range of adverse events with methods on collaboratively addressing these disruptions. ACDM is the process whereby airports, airlines, and other stakeholders share information to improve policies, planning, and decisions affecting airport operations. It includes those referenced in ACRP Report 137: Guidebook for Advancing Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) at Airports and ACRP Report 153: Guidebook for IROPS Stakeholder Communica- tion & Coordination. ACDM is also about developing procedures to anticipate, prevent, and mitigate potential problems arising from adverse internal and external conditions. CDM has been implemented in the United States for many years, and until very recently this program has mainly focused on cooperation and data sharing between FAA and the air- lines. Airports are now at the threshold of becoming fully active partners in CDM. ACRP Report 137 provides guidance to airport practitioners about the value of CDM and the process for integrating it into operations and planning. This project expands on the research presented in ACRP Report 137 with a greater focus on the implementation of ACDM and all aspects related to the continuum of disruptions, such as continuity events, irregular operations (IROPS), emergencies, and incidents. ACRP Project 10-27 was led by WSP USA, Inc. in association with Mosaic ATM, Inc. and Faith Group, LLC, along with the Institute for Transportation Research and Education and Worldwide Aviation Solutions LLC. The ACDM Toolbox Presentation, the toolbox and its associated documents are avail- able on the TRB website at trb.org by searching on “ACRP Research Report 229.” By Theresia H. Schatz Staff Officer Transportation Research Board

1 Summary 3 Introduction 6 Chapter 1 Understanding Airport Collaborative Decision Making 6 1.1 Continuum of Disruptions 9 1.2 Introduction to ACDM 13 1.3 Benefits of ACDM 16 1.4 The “C” of CDM 17 1.5 CDM for Everyone 21 Chapter 2 Operating with ACDM 21 2.1 ACDM Operations Process 24 2.2 ACDM Planning Process 25 2.3 Impact on Current Practices 28 Chapter 3 Implementing ACDM 28 3.1 Fundamentals of ACDM Implementation 30 3.2 Stakeholder Identification and Executive Buy-In 32 3.3 ACDM Organization 34 3.4 Defining the ACDM Project 37 3.5 ACDM Implementation in Motion 38 Chapter 4 Featured ACDM Projects 38 4.1 Defining Key Performance Indicators 39 4.2 Daily Coordination Calls and Airport Status Reports 39 4.3 ACDM Website 39 4.4 Integrated Airport Operations Center 40 4.5 Milestone Approach and Departure Metering 41 Chapter 5 Continuing the ACDM Implementation Effort 41 5.1 Change Management and Promotion of ACDM 43 5.2 Maintaining and Enhancing the Local ACDM 45 Chapter 6 Certification Framework 45 6.1 Purpose 45 6.2 ACDM Implementation Levels 45 6.3 Certification Process 47 Chapter 7 ACDM Training Programs 47 7.1 Why Train for ACDM? 47 7.2 ACDM Training Curricula 48 7.3 Operations Modules 49 7.4 Implemention Modules 50 7.5 Knowledge Management C O N T E N T S

51 Appendix A ACDM Toolbox 53 Appendix B Tools and Templates of the Toolbox 54 Bibliography 56 Abbreviations Note: Photographs, figures, and tables in this report may have been converted from color to grayscale for printing. The electronic version of the report (posted on the web at www.trb.org) retains the color versions.

Next: Summary »
Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions Get This Book
×
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

Airport collaborative decision making (ACDM) is a process in which the stakeholders of operations—airport operators, the air traffic control tower staff, flight operators, ground handlers, fixed-base operators, and others—share information to improve policies, planning, real-time coordination, and decisions regarding operations.

The TRB Airport Cooperative Research Program's ACRP Research Report 229: Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) to Manage Adverse Conditions proposes a step-by-step approach to achieve ACDM implementation, supported by templates and a workbook, to involve stakeholders, define common goals and objectives, appoint leadership for the initiative, tailor a vision that serves the local needs, and develop a roadmap of successful projects delivering practical improvements.

Of the airports surveyed as part of this project, 67 percent do not hold regular meetings with the flight operators. Interviews with staff at individual airports show a lack of real-time coordination between the stakeholders. However, nearly all the survey participants responded affirmatively that they would consider holding such meetings to improve collaboration because it is commonly understood that more cooperation can help address local issues and improve overall efficiency.

Supplemental materials to the report include a presentation with an overview of ACDM, a toolbox that provides guidance and resources for implementing ACDM, and a text file that contains the steps for opening the toolbox and other materials.

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!