NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
Support for this study by the Mapping Science Committee was provided by the Defense Mapping Agency, the United States Geological Survey, the Bureau of Land Management, and the Bureau of the Census.
Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 94-66772
International Standard Book Number 0-309-05141-X
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COVER: An early North American partnership—an etching of the marriage of Pocahontas and John Rolfe at Jamestown, Virginia, April 5, 1614. SOURCE: Library, Richmond (VA) Newspapers, Inc.
Copyright 1994 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
MAPPING SCIENCE COMMITTEE
LARRY J. SUGARBAKER,
Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Olympia,
Chairman
LAWRENCE F. AYERS,
Intergraph Corporation, Reston, VA,
Vice-Chairman
HUGH N. ARCHER,
Plan Graphics, Inc., Frankfort, KY
WILLIAM M. BROWN,
Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor
BARBARA P. BUTTENFIELD,
State University of New York, Buffalo
MICHAEL W. DOBSON,
Rand McNally and Company, Skokie, IL
FREDERICK J. DOYLE, McLean, VA (retired, U.S. Geological Survey)
MICHAEL J. FOLK,
University of Illinois, Urbana
LEE C. GERHARD,
Kansas Geological Survey, Lawrence
MICHAEL F. GOODCHILD,
University of California, Santa Barbara
STANLEY K. HONEY,
The News Corporation, Ltd., Los Angeles
TERRENCE J. KEATING,
Autometrics, Inc., Bangor, ME
MICHAEL D. MARVIN,
Map Info Corporation, Troy, NY
SARA L. McLAFFERTY,
Hunter College, New York, NY
KAREN C. SIDERELIS,
North Carolina Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, Raleigh
ROBERT TUFTS,
TASC, Reston, VA
NANCY VON MEYER,
Fairview Industries, Middleton, WI
Staff
THOMAS M. USSELMAN, Senior Staff Officer
JUDITH L. ESTEP, Administrative Assistant
Members Who Completed Their Terms on December 31, 1993
JOHN D. BOSSLER,
The Ohio State University, Columbus,
Chairman
ROBERT LEE CHARTRAND,
Naples, Florida (retired, Congressional Research Service)
DONALD F. COOKE,
Geographic Data Technology, Inc., Lyme, NH
GIULIO MAFFINI,
SHL Systemhouse, Inc., Toronto, Canada
JOHN D. McLAUGHLIN,
University of New Brunswick, Fredericton
BERNARD J. NIEMANN, JR.,
University of Wisconsin, Madison
GERARD RUSHTON,
University of Iowa, Iowa City
BOARD ON EARTH SCIENCES AND RESOURCES
FREEMAN GILBERT, Chair,
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA
GAIL M. ASHLEY,
Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ
THURE CERLING,
University of Utah, Salt Lake City
MARK P. CLOOS,
University of Texas at Austin
NEVILLE G.W. COOK,
University of California, Berkeley
JOEL DARMSTADTER,
Resources for the Future, Washington, DC
DONALD J. DEPAOLO,
University of California, Berkeley
MARCO EINAUDI,
Stanford University, Stanford, CA
NORMAN H. FOSTER,
Independent Petroleum Geologist, Denver, CO
CHARLES G. GROAT,
Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
DONALD C. HANEY,
Kentucky Geological Survey, Lexington
ANDREW H. KNOLL,
Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
PHILIP E. LAMOREAUX,
P.E. LaMoreaux and Associates, Inc., Tuscaloosa, AL
SUSAN LANDON,
Thomasson Partner Associates, Denver, CO
MARCIA K. MCNUTT,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
J. BERNARD MINSTER,
University of California, San Diego
JILL D. PASTERIS,
Washington University, St. Louis, MO
EDWARD C. ROY, JR.,
Trinity University, San Antonio, TX
Staff
JONATHAN G. PRICE, Staff Director
THOMAS M. USSELMAN, Associate Staff Director
WILLIAM E. BENSON, Senior Program Officer
KEVIN CROWLEY, Program Officer
BRUCE B. HANSHAW, Program Officer
ANNE LINN, Program Officer
LALLY A. ANDERSON, Staff Assistant
CHARLENE ANDERSON, Administrative Assistant
JUDITH L. ESTEP, Administrative Assistant
SHELLEY MYERS, Project Assistant
COMMISSION ON GEOSCIENCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND RESOURCES
M. GORDON WOLMAN,
The Johns Hopkins University,
Chairman,
Baltimore, MD
PATRICK R. ATKINS,
Aluminum Company of America, Pittsburgh, PA
EDITH BROWN WEISS,
Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC
JAMES P. BRUCE,
Canadian Climate Program Board, Ontario
WILLIAM L. FISHER,
The University of Texas at Austin
EDWARD A. FRIEMAN,
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA
GEORGE M. HORNBERGER,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville
W. BARCLAY KAMB,
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
PERRY L. McCARTY,
Stanford University, Stanford, CA
JUDY L. MEYER,
University of Georgia, Athens
RAYMOND A. PRICE,
Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, Canada
THOMAS C. SCHELLING,
University of Maryland, College Park
ELLEN K. SILBERGELD,
Environmental Defense Fund, Washington, DC
STEVEN M. STANLEY,
The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
VICTORIA J. TSCHINKEL,
Landers and Parson, Tallahassee, FL
WARREN WASHINGTON,
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO
Staff
STEPHEN RATTIEN, Executive Director
STEPHEN D. PARKER, Associate Executive Director
MORGAN GOPNIK, Assistant Executive Director
JEANETTE SPOON, Administrative Officer
SANDI FITZPATRICK, Administrative Associate
ROBIN ALLEN, Senior Project Assistant
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PREFACE
The Mapping Science Committee serves as a focus for external advice to the federal agencies on scientific and technical matters related to spatial data handling and analysis. The purpose of the committee is to provide advice on the development of a robust national spatial data infrastructure for making informed decisions at all levels of government and throughout society in general.
Within the context of the above mission statement, the committee issued a report in the Spring of 1993, Toward a Coordinated Spatial Data Infrastructure for the Nation, which articulated its vision on how spatial information handling might best be approached from an organizational perspective. There are, of course, many specific issues that are raised when one examines what a National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) encompasses. The committee is undertaking a series of focused studies to examine individual components of the NSDI. This study on partnerships within the NSDI was verbally requested by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (operating under the aegis of the Office of Management and Budget) at a joint meeting with the Mapping Science Committee on February 2, 1993.
A study which addresses the criteria for determining priority geographic data is companion to this study on partnerships. Together, they set the stage for the NSDI which will take our nation into the twenty-first century.
The committee wishes to thank Lisa Warnecke for the compilation of state legislation and authorities concerning spatial data and of the coordination mechanisms within each state.