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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
Support for this project was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The views presented in this report are those of the Institute of Medicine Committee on the Immunization Finance Dissemination Workshops and are not necessarily those of the funding agency.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering
Institute of Medicine
National Research Council
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
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COMMITTEE ON THE IMMUNIZATION FINANCE DISSEMINATION WORKSHOPS
DAVID R. SMITH, M.D. (Chair), President,
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX
BRIAN BILES, M.D., Professor and Chair,
Department of Health Services Management and Policy, The George Washington University
STEVE BLACK, M.D., Co-Director,
Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA
GORDON H. DeFRIESE, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer,
North Carolina Institute of Medicine, Durham
DIANNE WHITE DELISI, M.A., State Representative,
Texas House of Representatives
R. GORDON DOUGLAS, JR., M.D., Former President,
Merck Vaccines (retired), Princeton, NJ
JONATHAN FIELDING, M.D., M.P.H., Director of Public Health and Health Officer,
Los Angeles Department of Health Services
MAXINE HAYES, M.D., M.P.H., State Health Officer,
Washington State Department of Health, Olympia
ROBERT L. JOHNSON, M.D., Professor and Chair,
Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School
SAMUEL J. KATZ, M.D., Wilburt C. Davison Professor Emeritus,
Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center
WILLIAM KISSICK, M.D., M.P.H., Dr.P.H., George Seckel Pepper Professor of Public Health,
The Leonard Davis Institute, The Wharton School, Philadelphia
RONALD J. SALDARINI, Ph.D., President,
Wyeth Lederle Vaccines and Pediatrics (retired), New Jersey
WILLIAM SCHAFFNER, M.D., Professor and Chairman,
Department of Preventive Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
GARTH SPLINTER, M.D., M.B.A., Associate Professor, Chief Medical Officer,
University Hospital Trust, Oklahoma City, OK
Committee Staff
ROSEMARY CHALK, Senior Program Officer
JANE DURCH, Consultant
RYAN PALUGOD, Project Assistant
REVIEWERS
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
BERNARD GUYER, M.D., M.P.H., Department of Population and Family Health Science, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
SARA ROSENBAUM, J.D., Director, Center for Health Policy Research, School of Public Health and Health Services, The George Washington University
ARNOLD L. WIDEN, M.D., Executive Director, The Institute of Medicine of Chicago
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many construc-tive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Neil Vanselow, M.D., Rio Verde, Arizona. Appointed by the National Research Council, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The Institute of Medicine workshop on immunization finance was organized with the generous assistance of many individuals and organizations in Chicago and Detroit. We acknowledge in particular the logistical support and hospitality provided by the staff of the School of Public Health at the University of Illinois at Chicago, under the leadership of Dean Susan Scrimshaw. Lynn Denton from the Texas Department of Health and Richard Butler from the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center also provided valuable assistance and support in preparing for the workshop. Additional guidance was provided by Whitney Addington, Metropolis 2020; Arnold Widen from the Institute of Medicine of Chicago; Steve Potsic and Faith Covisi from Region V, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Cheryl Byers, Ed Mihalek, and Julie Morita from the Chicago Department of Public Health; Iris Shannon of the University of Illinois at Chicago; and Rebecca Wurtz from the Chicago Board of Health. Staff from the National Immunization Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta helped to identify immunization program directors and public health advisers in the states of Illinois and Michigan and also prepared data analyses to inform the workshop discussions.
The Center for the Advancement of Distance Education at the University of Illinois provided on-site technical support in audiocasting the June 15 workshop to a national audience. An archival copy of the speakers’ remarks and slides can be found at the IOM website: www.iom.edu/iom/iomhome.nsf/Pages/HCS+Immunization+Finance+Dissemination.
Tables and Figures
TABLES
1 |
Comparison of 20th-century maximum (year) and current morbidity of vaccine-preventable diseases, |
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2 |
Estimated vaccination rates for selected vaccines and vaccine combi-nations, 2000, |
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3 |
Estimated vaccination coverage for the 4:3:1:3 series among children ages 19-35 months, 1996-2000, |
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4 |
Percentage of 2 year olds in Medicaid and managed care plans who were continuously enrolled in the same plan at 6 and 12 months prior to their second birthdays, |
FIGURES