Appendix C
Acronyms and Abbreviations
APXS
alpha-proton-x-ray spectrometer (experiment on Mars Pathfinder)
ARR
acceptable risk range (for toxic metals)
COT
Committee on Toxicology (NRC)
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
EVA
extravehicular activity
GCR
galactic cosmic radiation
IRIS
Integrated Risk Information System (EPA)
ISRU
in situ resource utilization
JPL
Jet Propulsion Laboratory (NASA)
MEPAG
Mars Exploration Program/Payload Analysis Group
NAAQS
National Ambient Air Quality Standard (EPA)
NASA
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NIOSH
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NRC
National Research Council
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
PM
particulate matter
ppb
parts per billion
ppm
parts per million
RfC
reference concentration
SMAC
spacecraft maximum allowable concentration
SNC
from Mars having landed on Earth (with reference to a meteorite)
SPE
solar particle event
ZMBR
zone of minimal biologic risk