TOXICOGENOMIC TECHNOLOGIES AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENS
A Workshop Summary
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COMMITTEE ON HOW TOXICOGENOMICS COULD INFORM CRITICAL ISSUES IN CARCINOGENIC RISK ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS
Members
LINDA E. GREER (Chair),
Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington, DC
JAMES S. BUS,
Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI
JOHN D. GROOPMAN,
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
JOHN A. MOORE,
Hollyhouse, Inc.,Wicomico Church, VA
KENNETH S. RAMOS,
University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
CHERYL L. WALKER,
University of Texas, Smithville
TIMOTHY R. ZACHAREWSKI,
Michigan State University, East Lansing
Staff
MARILEE K. SHELTON-DAVENPORT, Project Director
ROBERTA M. WEDGE, Project Director
NORMAN GROSSBLATT, Senior Editor
JENNIFER E. SAUNDERS, Research Associate
MIRSADA KARALIC-LONCAREVIC, Research Associate
ALEXANDRA STUPPLE, Senior Editorial Assistant
LUCY V. FUSCO, Program Associate
JORDAN P. CRAGO, Senior Program Assistant
SAMMY BARDLEY, Librarian
Sponsor
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
COMMITTEE ON EMERGING ISSUES AND DATA ON ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS
Members
DAVID L. EATON (Chair),
University of Washington, Seattle
WILLIAM F. GREENLEE (Vice Chair),
CIIT Centers for Health Research, Research Triangle Park, NC
N. LEIGH ANDERSON,
Plasma Proteome Institute, Washington, DC
PATRICIA A. BUFFLER,
University of California, Berkeley
JAMES S. BUS,
Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI
GEORGIA M. DUNSTON,
Howard University, Washington, DC
LINDA C. FENTIMAN,
Pace University School of Law, White Plains, NY
LINDA E. GREER,
Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington, DC
ROBERT J. GRIFFIN,
Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI
JOHN D. GROOPMAN,
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
CASIMIR A. KULIKOWSKI,
Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
SERRINE S. LAU,
University of Arizona, Tucson
PHILIP LEDER,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
JOHN A. MOORE,
Hollyhouse, Inc., Wicomico Church, VA
FREDERICA P. PERERA,
Columbia University, New York, NY
JOHN QUACKENBUSH,
Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD
KENNETH S. RAMOS,
University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
BING REN,
University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
MARK A. ROTHSTEIN,
University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
ELLEN K. SILBERGELD,
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
CHERYL L. WALKER,
University of Texas, Smithville
RUSSELL D. WOLFINGER,
SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC
TIMOTHY R. ZACHAREWSKI,
Michigan State University, East Lansing
Staff
MARILEE K. SHELTON-DAVENPORT, Project Director
ROBERTA M. WEDGE, Project Director
JENNIFER E. SAUNDERS, Research Associate
LUCY V. FUSCO, Senior Project Assistant
Sponsor
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
BOARD ON LIFE SCIENCES
Members
COREY S. GOODMAN (Chair),
Renovis Inc., South San Francisco, CA
ANN M. ARVIN,
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
JEFFREY L. BENNETZEN,
University of Georgia, Athens
RUTH BERKELMAN,
Emory University, Atlanta, GA
R. ALTA CHARO,
University of Wisconsin, MadisonI
DENNIS CHOI,
Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA
JEFFREY L. DANGL,
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
PAUL R. EHRLICH,
Stanford University, Stanford, CA
JAMES M. GENTILE,
Hope College, Holland, MI
ED HARLOW,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
DAVID HILLIS,
University of Texas, Austin
KENNETH F. KELLER,
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
RANDALL MURCH,
Institute for Defense Analyses, Alexandria, VA
GREGORY A. PETSKO,
Brandeis University, Waltham, MA
STUART L. PIMM,
Duke University, Durham, NC
BARBARA A. SCHAAL,
Washington University, St. Louis, MO
JAMES TIEDJE,
Michigan State University, East Lansing
KEITH YAMAMOTO,
University of California, San Francisco
Staff
FRANCES E. SHARPLES, Director
KERRY A. BRENNER, Senior Program Officer
MARILEE K. SHELTON-DAVENPORT, Senior Program Officer
ROBERT T. YUAN, Senior Program Officer
ADAM P. FAGEN, Program Officer
ANN REID, Program Officer
EVONNE P.Y. TANG, Program Officer
SETH STRONGIN, Senior Program Assistant
MATTHEW MCDONOUGH, Program Assistant
DENISE GROSSHANS, Financial Associate
Preface
Toxicogenomics is described as a discipline combining expertise in toxicology, genetics, molecular biology, and environmental health to elucidate the response of living organisms to stressful environments. As this emerging field rapidly develops, it is important to assess how toxicogenomic data can be applied to improve risk assessment, particularly for carcinogens. The Committee on How Toxicogenomics Could Inform Critical Issues in Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Environmental Chemicals designed a workshop to identify critical knowledge gaps in carcinogenic risk assessment and discuss the potential role of toxicogenomics in addressing these gaps. This summary of the workshop discusses current approaches to cancer risk assessment, the potential use of toxicogenomic data in this process, lessons learned from case studies on two carcinogens (1,3-butadiene and arsenic), and research that may be useful in moving the field forward.
This workshop summary has been reviewed in draft form by persons chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published workshop summary as sound as possible and to ensure that the summary meets institutional standards of objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge.
The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following people for their review of this workshop summary: David L. Eaton, University of Washington; James C. Lamb IV, The Weinberg Group; William D. Pennie, Pfizer, Inc.; Edwin P. Przybylowicz, retired; and Rita Schoeny, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they did not see the final draft of the workshop summary before its release. The review of this workshop summary was overseen by David Hoel, Medical University of South Carolina. Appointed by the National Research Council, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of the workshop summary was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of the workshop summary rests entirely with the committee and the institution.
The committee is grateful for the assistance of the NRC staff in preparing this workshop summary: Marilee Shelton-Davenport and Roberta Wedge, project directors; Fran Sharples, director of the Board on Life Sciences; Jennifer Saunders and Mirsada Karalic-Loncarevic, research associates; Ruth E. Crossgrove and Norman Grossblatt, senior editors; Lucy Fusco, senior project assistant; and Sam Bardley, librarian.
I would like to thank David Eaton, University of Washington, and the members of the committee for their presentations during the workshop, as well as workshop participants who provided thoughtful comments that were critical for articulating the issues and focusing the discussion. Finally, I wish to thank the committee members for their dedicated efforts throughout the development of the summary and Ellen Silbergeld, Johns Hopkins University, for her contributions.
Linda E. Greer,
Chair, Committee on How Toxicogenomics Could Inform Critical Issues in Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Environmental Chemicals