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Vehicle cost factors are summarized in the two tables below, the first, âVehicle Systems & Componentâ table that lists the âhardâ costs of rolling stock, by noting the relative cost contri- bution of materials, systems and components that comprise a typical rail car. The second table, âPeripheral Support Elementsâ similarly reviews the âsoftâ or indirect support costs of typical vehicle procurements. 101 A P P E N D I X 6 Vehicle Cost Drivers Vehicle Systems & Components High Low Average Median Car Body 37% 24% 28% 30% Windows 2% 1% 1% 1% Seats 1% 0.59% 1% 1% Trucks & Suspension 12% 6% 8% 7% Wheels & Axles 2% 1% 1% 1% Couplers 4% 1% 3% 2% Train and Car Controls 5% 2% 3% 3% Power Collector 0.38% 0.30% 0.30% 0.29% Auxiliary Electrical Equipment 7% 2% 5% 6% Propulsion 27% 10% 22% 20% Friction Braking 8% 6% 6% 6% Doors 11% 4% 6% 7% HVAC 9% 6% 6% 7% Communications 3% 2% 2% 2% Information Signs 2% 2% 2% 2% Lighting 2% 1% 2% 2% Peripheral Support Elements High Low Average Median Car Assembly 10% 1% 6% 7% Truck Assembly 1% 1% 1% 1% Mock-ups 1% 0.03% 0.25% 0.20% Contract Management 7% 1% 3% 2% Design & Engineering 8% 1% 4% 3% Testing 2% 1% 1% 1% System Assurance 3% 1% 1% 1% Warranty 1% 0.19% 0.67% 0.53% Field Support 2% 0.24% 1.16% 1.17% Manuals 2% 1% 2% 1% Training 1% 1% 1% 1% Special Tools, Test and Diagnostic Equipment 4% 2% 3% 3% Spare Parts 5% 3% 4% 4% Other 3% 0.03% 1.21% 0.57% Duty & Taxes 3% 0.06% 1.27% 0.98% Total Percentage of Overall Vehicle Procurement Cost 27% 11% 19% 18% NOTE: The totals of the high and low columns do not add up to 100% because they aggregate the highs and lows. The average and median cost columns total 97 to 98% due to rounding errors