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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This report and the study on which it is based were supported by Contract No. DE-FG01-98EE35047 (Task #4) from the U.S. Department of Energy. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering
Institute of Medicine
National Research Council
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COMMITTEE ON R&D OPPORTUNITIES FOR ADVANCED FOSSIL-FUELED ENERGY COMPLEXES
JAMES J. MARKOWSKY (chair),
NAE,1 American Electric Power (retired), Columbus, Ohio
DAVID H. ARCHER,
NAE, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
RICHARD E. BALZHISER,
NAE, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California
DONALD A. BRAND,
NAE, Pacific Gas and Electric (retired), Novato, California
RAMON ESPINO,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville
ENRIQUE IGLESIA,
University of California, Berkeley
EDWARD S. RUBIN,
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
ROBERT H. SOCOLOW,
Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
SAMUEL S. TAM,
Bechtel Technology and Consulting, San Francisco, California
CRAIG TEDMON, consultant,
Hayden Lake, Idaho
PHILIP W. WINKLER,
Air Products and Chemicals, Allentown, Pennsylvania
RONALD H. WOLK,
Wolk Integrated Technical Services, San Jose, California
JOHN M. WOOTTEN,
Peabody Group, Saint Louis, Missouri
Liaison from the Board on Energy and Environmental Systems
WILLIAM FULKERSON,
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Project Staff
RICHARD CAMPBELL, program officer and study director
JAMES ZUCHETTO, board director
CRISTELLEN BANKS, project assistant (until October 31, 1999)
BOARD ON ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
ROBERT L. HIRSCH (chair),
Advanced Power Technologies, Inc., Washington, D.C.
RICHARD E. BALZHISER,
NAE,1 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. (retired), Menlo Park, California
EVERETT H. BECKNER,
Lockheed Martin Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico (until December 2, 1999)
WILLIAM L. FISHER,
NAE, University of Texas, Austin
CHRISTOPHER FLAVIN,
Worldwatch Institute, Washington, D.C.
WILLIAM FULKERSON,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (retired) and University of Tennessee, Knoxville
EDWIN E. KINTNER,
NAE, GPU Nuclear Corporation (retired), Norwich, Vermont
GERALD L. KULCINSKI,
NAE, University of Wisconsin, Madison
EDWARD S. RUBIN,
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
ROBERT W. SHAW JR.,
Aretê Corporation, Center Harbor, New Hampshire
JACK SIEGEL,
Energy Resources International, Inc., Washington, D.C.
ROBERT SOCOLOW,
Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
K. ANNE STREET, consultant,
Alexandria, Virginia
KATHLEEN C. TAYLOR,
NAE, General Motors Corporation, Warren, Michigan
JACK WHITE,
The Winslow Group, LLC, Fairfax, Virginia
JOHN J. WISE,
NAE, Mobil Research and Development Company (retired), Princeton, New Jersey
Liaisons from the Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems
RUTH M. DAVIS,
NAE, Pymatuning Group, Inc., Alexandria, Virginia
GAIL DE PLANQUE,
NAE,
consultant,
Potomac, Maryland
LAWRENCE T. PAPAY,
NAE, Science Applications International Corporation, San Diego, California
Staff
JAMES ZUCCHETTO, director
RICHARD CAMPBELL, program officer
SUSANNA CLARENDON, financial associate
CRISTELLYN BANKS, project assistant (until October 31, 1999)
ANA-MARIA IGNAT, project assistant
Acknowledgments
The Committee on R&D Opportunities for Advanced Fossil-Fueled Energy Complexes wishes to acknowledge and thank the many individuals who contributed significantly of their time and effort to this National Research Council (NRC) study. The presentations at committee meetings provided valuable information and insight on advanced technologies and development initiatives that assisted the committee in formatting the recommendations included in this report.
The committee expresses its appreciation to the following individuals: Rita Bajura, Larry Ruth, Bob Romanosky, Abbie Layne, Kanwal Mahajan, Mark Williams, Gary Stiegel, Don Bonk, Chuck Schmidt, Doug Carter, and Tom O'Brien of the U.S. Department of Energy's Federal Energy Technology Center (now the National Energy Technology Laboratory); Ben Yamagata of the Coal Utilization Research Council; Robert Williams of Princeton University; John Cochener of the Gas Research Institute; Jim Childress of the Gasification Technologies Council; Doug Haseltine of Tennessee Eastman; Frank Bevc of Siemens Westinghouse; Ted Foster of Air Products and Chemicals; Neville Holt of the Electric Power Research Institute; Rod Judkins of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; John McManus and Manoj Guha of American Electric Power; Doug Fain of Bechtel Jacobs LLC; David Gray of Mitretech; Michael Gluckman of Columbia Energy; David Pai of Foster-Wheeler; Woody Fiveland of ABB; and Steve Gehl of the Electric Power Research Institute.
Finally, the chairman wishes to recognize the committee members and the staff of the Board on Energy and Environmental Systems of the NRC for their hard work in organizing and planning committee meetings and their individual efforts in gathering information and writing sections of the report.
The report has been reviewed by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the authors and the NRC in making the published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The content of the review comments and draft manuscript remains confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.
We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report: Francis Burke, Consol, Inc.; John Longwell, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; John Marion, ABB Ahlstrom Power/Combustion Engineering, Inc.; David Morrison, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (retired); Jon Pietruskiewicz, National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Louis Salvador, consultant; Harold Schobert, Pennsylvania State University; and Dale Simbeck, SFA Pacific, Inc. While these individuals provided constructive comments and suggestions, responsibility for the final content of this report rests solely with the authoring committee and the NRC.